--- - attributes: ~ caption: 'An artist’s rendition of Landsat 8 monitoring from space. (Source: NASA 2011)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/landsat-8-satellite.yaml identifier: landsat-8-satellite lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 1 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: "NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab The Landsat Program is a series of Earth-observing satellite missions jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey, 2011. Title, \"An artist's conception of the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM), the eighth satellite in the long-running Landsat program, flying over the US Gulf Coast\"" submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Landsat 8 Satellite uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/landsat-8-satellite url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'The first image from the Operational Land Imager (OLI) instrument aboard Landsat 8 shows the area around Ft. Collins, CO, at 15 m resolution using natural color. A charcoal-colored burn scar from the 2013 Galena Fire is indicated with arrows. (Source: NASA) ' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: 2013-03-18T13:40:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/burn-scar-outside-fort-collins-co.yaml identifier: burn-scar-outside-fort-collins-co lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 2 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: NASA 2013 (Arrows added in 2014 by U.S. Global Change Research Program National Coordination Office) submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: 'Burn Scar Outside Fort Collins, CO' uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/burn-scar-outside-fort-collins-co url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Preparing equipment for the Global Precipitation Measurement mission. (Source: NASA)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: 2013-11-14T00:00:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/preparing-gpm-mission.yaml identifier: preparing-gpm-mission lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 3 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Credit: NASA/GSFC/Rebecca Roth. Collected November 14, 2013 ' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Preparing for the GPM Mission uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/preparing-gpm-mission url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'An artist’s rendition of the Global Precipitation Measurement satellite in space. (Source: NASA)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: 2013-04-05T00:00:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/global-precipitation-measurement-satellite.yaml identifier: global-precipitation-measurement-satellite lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 4 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: '"Visualization of the GPM Core Observatory satellite orbitting the planet earth." Credit: Britt Griswold. Collected April 5, 2013 https://www.flickr.com/photos/gsfc/10860068536/in/set-72157637675525645/' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Global Precipitation Measurement Satellite uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/global-precipitation-measurement-satellite url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Scientists examining an ice core used to reconstruct the evolution of Earth’s climate during the Eemian interglacial period, a useful analog for present-day and expected future conditions. (Source: NEEM)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/ice-core-analysis.yaml identifier: ice-core-analysis lat_max: 77.5 lat_min: 77.5 lon_max: -50.9 lon_min: -50.9 ordinal: 5 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Bedrock was reached Tuesday July 27, 2010 at the deep ice core drilling site NEEM on the Greenland Ice Sheet at the depth of 2537.36m, NEEM ice core drilling project, 2010. http://www.photo.neem.dk/2010/Bedrock/16799971_bBQgVZ#!i=1267544374&k=CSBfbpM' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Ice Core Analysis uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/ice-core-analysis url: ~ usage_limits: 'Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. ' - attributes: ~ caption: 'A suite of forecasts of air temperature ~6.5 feet (2 meters) above the ground, initialized in November 2011, were able to effectively predict March 2012 conditions. Red indicates higher temperatures and blue indicates lower temperatures relative to historical averages from 1982 to 2010. (Source: NMME)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/nmme-forecasts-march-2012.yaml identifier: nmme-forecasts-march-2012 lat_max: 70 lat_min: 10 lon_max: -60 lon_min: -170 ordinal: 6 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'North American Multi-Model Ensemble (NMME), initialized in November 2011 http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/NMME/' submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2012-03-31T23:59:00 time_start: 2012-03-01T00:00:00 title: NMME Forecasts March 2012 uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/nmme-forecasts-march-2012 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'A comparison of observed (left) and simulated (right; single model realizations) hurricane tracks around North America between 1981 and 2008 (the horizontal and vertical axes show longitude and latitude, respectively). Tropical cyclones are challenging to simulate, but these CMIP5 results demonstrate promise that such storms can be effectively represented in models. (Source: Adapted from Sheffield et al., 2013, J. Climate)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/simulating-hurricane-tracks.yaml identifier: simulating-hurricane-tracks lat_max: 50 lat_min: 0 lon_max: 0 lon_min: -180 ordinal: 7 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Sheffield, J., et al., 2013. North American Climate in CMIP5 Experiments. Part II: Evaluation of Historical Simulations of Intraseasonal to Decadal Variability. Journal of Climate, 26, 9261, doi: 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00593.1 (Image was cropped from Sheffield, 2013 by USGCRP NCO in 2014)' submission_dt: ~ time_end: 1981-12-31T23:59:00 time_start: 1981-01-01T00:00:00 title: Simulating Hurricane Tracks uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/simulating-hurricane-tracks url: ~ usage_limits: 'Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. ' - attributes: ~ caption: 'This conceptual framework shows linkages between categories of indicators. (Source: USGCRP indicators program) ' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/categories-climate-indicators.yaml identifier: categories-climate-indicators lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 8 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Categories of Climate Indicators uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/categories-climate-indicators url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Map of current (yellow) and potential future (pink) flood risks for a portion of the New Jersey coastline. The different shades of pink represent four future scenarios with sea-level rise ranging from 8 inches to 6.6 feet. (Source: Sea-Level Rise Map Services produced by NOAA in partnership with FEMA, USACE, CEQ, and USGCRP; http://geoplatform.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=2960f1e066544582ae0f0d988ccb3d27)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/sea-level-rise-map-services-sandy-recovery.yaml identifier: sea-level-rise-map-services-sandy-recovery lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 9 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Sea-Level Rise Map Services, NOAA, FEMA, USACE, CEQ, and USGCRP http://geoplatform.maps.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=2960f1e066544582ae0f0d988ccb3d27' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Sea Level Rise Map Services for Sandy Recovery uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/sea-level-rise-map-services-sandy-recovery url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Participants in the AMS Climate Studies Diversity Project workshop in Washington, DC. (Source: AMS)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: 2012-05-22T00:00:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/ams-climate-studies-diversity-project.yaml identifier: ams-climate-studies-diversity-project lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 10 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'American Meteorological Society Climate Studies Diversity Project workshop, NSF award GEO-1107968. Photo by Lindsey Johnson, May 22, 2012' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: AMS Climate Studies Diversity Project uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/ams-climate-studies-diversity-project url: ~ usage_limits: 'Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. ' - attributes: ~ caption: 'Farmers in Kenya meet to discuss agricultural risk management. (Source: START)' chapter_identifier: federal-investments-global-change-research create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/start-adaptation-research-africa.yaml identifier: start-adaptation-research-africa lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 11 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: START http://start.org/ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: START Adaptation Research in Africa uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/federal-investments-global-change-research/figure/start-adaptation-research-africa url: ~ usage_limits: 'Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. ' - attributes: ~ caption: 'USDA Agriculture Secretary Tom Vilsack speaks in Omaha, NE at the opening session of a drought workshop with stakeholders. (Source: USDA)' chapter_identifier: leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need create_dt: 2012-10-09T00:00:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/usda-drought-workshop.yaml identifier: usda-drought-workshop lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 12 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'U. S. Department of Agriculture, October 9, 2012 http://blogs.usda.gov/2012/10/11/agriculture-secretary-vilsack-in-omaha-to-kick-off-regional-drought-workshops/' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: USDA Drought Workshop uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/usda-drought-workshop url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'A map of continental U.S. drought conditions during July 2012, showing extreme and exceptional drought in several regions. (Source: U.S. Drought Monitor, a partnership between USDA, NOAA, and the National Drought Mitigation Center)' chapter_identifier: leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need create_dt: 2012-07-24T00:00:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/us-drought-monitor-july-2012.yaml identifier: us-drought-monitor-july-2012 lat_max: 50 lat_min: 24 lon_max: -66 lon_min: -125 ordinal: 13 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Produced by Richard Heim, NCDC/NOAA on July 24, 2012, released on July 26, 2012 http://droughtmonitor.unl.edu/MapsAndData/MapArchive.aspx' submission_dt: 2012-07-26T00:00:00 time_end: 2012-07-31T23:59:00 time_start: 2012-07-01T00:00:00 title: U.S. Drought Monitor July 2012 uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/us-drought-monitor-july-2012 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'USGS, USACE, and NOAA’s National Weather Service collaborated to create this Flood Inundation Mapper. (Source: USGS)' chapter_identifier: leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/flood-inundation-mapper.yaml identifier: flood-inundation-mapper lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 14 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Flood Inundation Mapper created by USGS, USACE, and the National Weather Service of NOAA. Image produced by USGCRP staff in 2013. http://wimcloud.usgs.gov/apps/FIM/FloodInundationMapper.html' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Flood Inundation Mapper uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/flood-inundation-mapper url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'The USGS’s National Assessment of Shoreline Change Web Mapping Application shows modern and historical shorelines and evaluations of shoreline change. (Source: USGS)' chapter_identifier: leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/shoreline-change-mapper.yaml identifier: shoreline-change-mapper lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 15 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'National Assessment of Shoreline Change Web Mapping Application, developed in 2011 by USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program, USGS National Assessment of Shoreline Change Program. http://coastalmap.marine.usgs.gov/national/shorelc/ ' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Shoreline Change Mapper uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/shoreline-change-mapper url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'While the rates of infection for most food-borne diseases have decreased in recent years, the rate of Vibrio infections has increased (rates are shown relative to 1996–1998 rates, signified by the line intersecting 1.00 on the vertical axis). Because Vibrio thrives in warm waters, infection rates have the potential to rise as ocean temperatures increase. (Source: CDC)' chapter_identifier: leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/vibrio-infection-rates.yaml identifier: vibrio-infection-rates lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 16 report_identifier: usgcrp-ocpfy2014 source_citation: 'Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 2013' submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2012-12-31T23:59:00 time_start: 1996-01-01T00:00:00 title: Vibrio Infection Rates uri: /report/usgcrp-ocpfy2014/chapter/leveraging-global-change-research-areas-societal-need/figure/vibrio-infection-rates url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source.