--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Harrigan, Ryan J.; Thomassen, Henri A.; Buermann, Wolfgang; Smith, Thomas B.' DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12534 ISSN: 1365-2486 Issue: 8 Journal: Global Change Biology Pages: 2417-2425 Title: A continental risk assessment of West Nile virus under climate change Volume: 20 Year: 2014 _chapter: Ch4 _record_number: 16126 _uuid: 132133f3-1705-42ed-b505-8ccbaa497968 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1111/gcb.12534 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/132133f3-1705-42ed-b505-8ccbaa497968.yaml identifier: 132133f3-1705-42ed-b505-8ccbaa497968 uri: /reference/132133f3-1705-42ed-b505-8ccbaa497968 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The distribution and intensity of transmission of vector-borne pathogens can be strongly influenced by the competence of vectors. Vector competence, in turn, can be influenced by temperature and viral genetics. West Nile virus (WNV) was introduced into the United States of America in 1999 and subsequently spread throughout much of the Americas. Previously, we have shown that a novel genotype of WNV, WN02, first detected in 2001, spread across the US and was more efficient than the introduced genotype, NY99, at infecting, disseminating, and being transmitted by Culex mosquitoes. In the current study, we determined the relationship between temperature and time since feeding on the probability of transmitting each genotype of WNV. We found that the advantage of the WN02 genotype increases with the product of time and temperature. Thus, warmer temperatures would have facilitated the invasion of the WN02 genotype. In addition, we found that transmission of WNV accelerated sharply with increasing temperature, T, (best fit by a function of T(4)) showing that traditional degree-day models underestimate the impact of temperature on WNV transmission. This laboratory study suggests that both viral evolution and temperature help shape the distribution and intensity of transmission of WNV, and provides a model for predicting the impact of temperature and global warming on WNV transmission.' Author: 'Kilpatrick, A. M.; Meola, M. A.; Moudy, R. M.; Kramer, L. D.' DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000092 Date: Jun ISSN: 1553-7374 Issue: 6 Journal: PLoS Pathogens Keywords: Animals; Culex/*virology; Insect Vectors/*virology; *Temperature; Time; West Nile Fever/*transmission; West Nile virus/*genetics Notes: "Kilpatrick, A Marm Meola, Mark A Moudy, Robin M Kramer, Laura D eng 1R01AI069217-01/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ N01-AI-2549/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ T32-AI055429-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 2008/06/28 09:00 PLoS Pathog. 2008 Jun 27;4(6):e1000092. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000092." Pages: e1000092 Title: 'Temperature, viral genetics, and the transmission of West Nile virus by Culex pipiens mosquitoes' Volume: 4 Year: 2008 _record_number: 18009 _uuid: 133275d2-6318-44fd-b5be-2e3ab47b5d2b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1371/journal.ppat.1000092 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/133275d2-6318-44fd-b5be-2e3ab47b5d2b.yaml identifier: 133275d2-6318-44fd-b5be-2e3ab47b5d2b uri: /reference/133275d2-6318-44fd-b5be-2e3ab47b5d2b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Culex tarsalis Coquillett females were infected with the NY99 strain of West Nile virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, WNV) and then incubated under constant temperatures of 10-30 degrees C. At selected time intervals, transmission was attempted using an in vitro capillary tube assay. The median time from imbibing an infectious bloodmeal until infected females transmitted WNV (median extrinsic incubation period, EIP50) was estimated by probit analysis. By regressing the EIP rate (inverse of EIP50) as a function of temperature from 14 to 30 degrees C, the EIP was estimated to require 109 degree-days (DD) and the point of zero virus development (x-intercept) was estimated to be 14.3 degrees C. The resulting degree-day model showed that the NY99 WNV strain responded to temperature differently than a lineage II strain of WNV from South Africa and approximated our previous estimates for St. Louis encephalitis virus (family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus, SLEV). The invading NY99 WNV strain therefore required warm temperatures for efficient transmission. The time for completion of the EIP was estimated monthly from temperatures recorded at Coachella Valley, Los Angeles, and Kern County, California, during the 2004 epidemic year and related to the duration of the Cx. tarsalis gonotrophic cycle and measures of WNV activity. Enzootic WNV activity commenced after temperatures increased, the duration of the EIP decreased, and virus potentially was transmitted in two or less gonotrophic cycles. Temperatures in the United States during the epidemic summers of 2002-2004 indicated that WNV dispersal and resulting epicenters were linked closely to above-average summer temperatures.' Author: 'Reisen, W. K.; Fang, Y.; Martinez, V. M.' DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/43.2.309 Date: Mar ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 2 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: 'Animals; California; Culex/*virology; Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis/physiology; Encephalitis Virus, Western Equine/physiology; Female; Insect Vectors/*virology; Regression Analysis; Saliva/virology; Seasons; *Temperature; Time Factors; West Nile Fever/*transmission; West Nile virus/growth & development/*physiology' Notes: "Reisen, William K Fang, Ying Martinez, Vincent M eng 1-R01-AI55607/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2006/04/20 09:00 J Med Entomol. 2006 Mar;43(2):309-17." Pages: 309-317 Title: 'Effects of temperature on the transmission of West Nile virus by Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae)' Volume: 43 Year: 2006 _record_number: 18029 _uuid: 2a946904-7173-4d32-8f15-db4f8f45f5f5 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/jmedent/43.2.309 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/2a946904-7173-4d32-8f15-db4f8f45f5f5.yaml identifier: 2a946904-7173-4d32-8f15-db4f8f45f5f5 uri: /reference/2a946904-7173-4d32-8f15-db4f8f45f5f5 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "We examine the relationship between hydrologic variability and the incidence of human disease associated with West Nile virus (WNV; family Flaviviridae, genus Flavivirus) infection (hereafter termed \"human WN cases\") in Colorado from 2002 to 2007. We find that local hydrologic conditions, as simulated by the Mosaic hydrology model, are associated with differences in human WN cases. In Colorado's eastern plains, wetter spring conditions and drier summer conditions predict human WN cases. In Colorado's western mountains, drier spring and summer conditions weakly predict human WN cases. These findings support two working hypotheses: (1) wet spring conditions increase the abundance of Culex tarsalis vectors in the plains, and (2) dry summer conditions, and respondent irrigational practices during such droughts, favor Cx. pipiens and Cx. tarsalis abundance throughout Colorado. Both of these processes potentially increase the local vector-to-host ratio, favoring WNV amplification among competent avian hosts and bridging to humans." Author: 'Shaman, J.; Day, J. F.; Komar, N.' DOI: 10.3390/ijerph7020494 Date: Feb ISSN: 1660-4601 Issue: 2 Journal: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health Keywords: Colorado/epidemiology; Humans; Risk Factors; *Water Movements; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology Notes: 'Shaman, Jeffrey Day, Jonathan F Komar, Nicholas eng Switzerland 2010/07/10 06:00 Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2010 Feb;7(2):494-508. doi: 10.3390/ijerph7020494. Epub 2010 Feb 11.' Pages: 494-508 Title: Hydrologic conditions describe West Nile virus risk in Colorado Volume: 7 Year: 2010 _record_number: 18035 _uuid: 56d62d2b-1544-45fa-9336-aaf3708df8d0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3390/ijerph7020494 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/56d62d2b-1544-45fa-9336-aaf3708df8d0.yaml identifier: 56d62d2b-1544-45fa-9336-aaf3708df8d0 uri: /reference/56d62d2b-1544-45fa-9336-aaf3708df8d0 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'BACKGROUND: Models of the effects of environmental factors on West Nile virus disease risk have yielded conflicting outcomes. The role of precipitation has been especially difficult to discern from existing studies, due in part to habitat and behavior characteristics of specific vector species and because of differences in the temporal and spatial scales of the published studies. We used spatial and statistical modeling techniques to analyze and forecast fine scale spatial (2000 m grid) and temporal (weekly) patterns of West Nile virus mosquito infection relative to changing weather conditions in the urban landscape of the greater Chicago, Illinois, region for the years from 2004 to 2008. RESULTS: Increased air temperature was the strongest temporal predictor of increased infection in Culex pipiens and Culex restuans mosquitoes, with cumulative high temperature differences being a key factor distinguishing years with higher mosquito infection and higher human illness rates from those with lower rates. Drier conditions in the spring followed by wetter conditions just prior to an increase in infection were factors in some but not all years. Overall, 80% of the weekly variation in mosquito infection was explained by prior weather conditions. Spatially, lower precipitation was the most important variable predicting stronger mosquito infection; precipitation and temperature alone could explain the pattern of spatial variability better than could other environmental variables (79% explained in the best model). Variables related to impervious surfaces and elevation differences were of modest importance in the spatial model. CONCLUSION: Finely grained temporal and spatial patterns of precipitation and air temperature have a consistent and significant impact on the timing and location of increased mosquito infection in the northeastern Illinois study area. The use of local weather data at multiple monitoring locations and the integration of mosquito infection data from numerous sources across several years are important to the strength of the models presented. The other spatial environmental factors that tended to be important, including impervious surfaces and elevation measures, would mediate the effect of rainfall on soils and in urban catch basins. Changes in weather patterns with global climate change make it especially important to improve our ability to predict how inter-related local weather and environmental factors affect vectors and vector-borne disease risk.Local impact of temperature and precipitation on West Nile virus infection in Culex species mosquitoes in northeast Illinois, USA.' Author: 'Ruiz, M. O.; Chaves, L. F.; Hamer, G. L.; Sun, T.; Brown, W. M.; Walker, E. D.; Haramis, L.; Goldberg, T. L.; Kitron, U. D.' DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-3-19 ISSN: 1756-3305 Issue: 1 Journal: Parasites & Vectors Notes: 'Ruiz, Marilyn O Chaves, Luis F Hamer, Gabriel L Sun, Ting Brown, William M Walker, Edward D Haramis, Linn Goldberg, Tony L Kitron, Uriel D eng England 2010/03/23 06:00 Parasit Vectors. 2010 Mar 19;3(1):19. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-3-19.' Pages: Article 19 Title: 'Local impact of temperature and precipitation on West Nile virus infection in Culex species mosquitoes in northeast Illinois, USA' Volume: 3 Year: 2010 _record_number: 18034 _uuid: 5bd8de26-58f4-44b9-9919-885bb217bfb1 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1186/1756-3305-3-19 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/5bd8de26-58f4-44b9-9919-885bb217bfb1.yaml identifier: 5bd8de26-58f4-44b9-9919-885bb217bfb1 uri: /reference/5bd8de26-58f4-44b9-9919-885bb217bfb1 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: 'Johnson, B. J.; Sukhdeo, M. V. K.' DOI: 10.1603/me12035 ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Notes: 'Ch4, 7' Pages: 195-204 Title: Drought-induced amplification of local and regional West Nile virus infection rates in New Jersey Volume: 50 Year: 2013 _chapter: 'Ch4, 7' _record_number: 16127 _uuid: 6c4943e6-2a76-4989-b80e-8b4d9bacd78a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1603/me12035 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/6c4943e6-2a76-4989-b80e-8b4d9bacd78a.yaml identifier: 6c4943e6-2a76-4989-b80e-8b4d9bacd78a uri: /reference/6c4943e6-2a76-4989-b80e-8b4d9bacd78a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Development, growth, and survival of Culex quinquefasciatus Say and Aedes aegypti (L.) were determined at six constant temperatures (15, 20, 25, 27, 30, 34 degrees C). The Sharpe & DeMichele four-parameter model with high-temperature inhibition described the temperature-dependent median developmental rates of both mosquito species. In both species, body size generally decreased as temperature increased. Head capsule widths in all instars in both species were significantly greater at 15 than at 30-34 degrees C. Except for the third instar of Ae. aegypti, the larval body lengths in both species were significantly greater at 15 than at 34 degrees C. All instars and pupae of both species and the adults in Cx. quinquefasciatus were significantly heavier at 15 than at 27-34 degrees C. In Cx. quinquefasciatus, survival from eclosion to adult emergence was highest in the range from 20 to 30 degrees C (85-90%) and dropped drastically at 15 (38%) and 34 degrees C (42%). In Ae. aegypti, survival to adult stage was high at 20 (92%) and 27 degrees C (90%) and lowest at 15 degrees C (3%).' Author: 'Rueda, L. M.; Patel, K. J.; Axtell, R. C.; Stinner, R. E.' DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/27.5.892 Date: Sep ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 5 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: Aedes/*growth & development; Animals; Culex/*growth & development; Larva/growth & development; Pupa/growth & development; Temperature Notes: "Rueda, L M Patel, K J Axtell, R C Stinner, R E eng AI 20886/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 1990/09/01 J Med Entomol. 1990 Sep;27(5):892-8." Pages: 892-898 Title: 'Temperature-dependent development and survival rates of Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)' Volume: 27 Year: 1990 _record_number: 18033 _uuid: 6cb63356-47f7-4ba2-aa75-dbc7517b5399 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/jmedent/27.5.892 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/6cb63356-47f7-4ba2-aa75-dbc7517b5399.yaml identifier: 6cb63356-47f7-4ba2-aa75-dbc7517b5399 uri: /reference/6cb63356-47f7-4ba2-aa75-dbc7517b5399 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The national resurgence of human West Nile virus (WNV) disease in 2012 raised questions about the factors responsible for WNV outbreaks. Interannual climatic variations may influence WNV amplification and transmission to humans through multiple pathways, including mosquito breeding habitats, gonotrophic cycles, extrinsic incubation, avian communities, and human behavior. We examined the influences of temperature and precipitation anomalies on interannual variation in human WNV cases in three regions of the United States. There were consistent positive influences of winter temperatures, weaker and more variable positive effects of spring and summer temperatures, and highly variable precipitation effects that ranged from positive to negative. The overwintering period may be a particularly important climatic constraint on the dynamics of WNV in cold-temperate regions of North America. Geographic differences in the seasonal timing and relative importance of climatic drivers of WNV risk likely reflect underlying variability in key ecological and social characteristics.' Author: 'Wimberly, M. C.; Lamsal, A.; Giacomo, P.; Chuang, T.-W.' DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239 Date: Oct ISSN: 0002-9637 Issue: 4 Journal: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Notes: "Wimberly, Michael C Lamsal, Aashis Giacomo, Paolla Chuang, Ting-Wu eng R01 AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2014/08/06 06:00 Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Oct;91(4):677-84. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239. Epub 2014 Aug 4." Pages: 677-684 Title: Regional variation of climatic influences on West Nile virus outbreaks in the United States Volume: 91 Year: 2014 _record_number: 18044 _uuid: 8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4269/ajtmh.14-0239 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2.yaml identifier: 8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 uri: /reference/8a6987a1-ec6c-4027-9a29-315c7bfdbdd2 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Environmental temperature can affect the ability of mosquitoes to transmit an arbovirus. However, results of various studies indicate that these effects are not consistent among viruses or mosquito species, and there is no information available on the effect of environmental temperature on the ability of North American mosquito species to transmit West Nile (WN) virus. We evaluated the effect of incubation temperature (18, 20, 26, or 30 degrees C) on the ability of Culex pipiens L. derived from specimens collected during the outbreak in New York in 1999 to transmit a strain of WN virus obtained from a crow that died during this outbreak. Although mosquitoes fed on the same viremic chickens, infection rates were directly related to subsequent incubation temperatures. In mosquitoes held at 30 degrees C, virus was recovered from nearly all mosquitoes tested, disseminated infections were detected as early as 4 d after the infectious blood meal, and >90% of all mosquitoes had a disseminated infection 12 or more days after the infectious blood meal. In contrast, for mosquitoes held at 18 degrees C, disseminated infections were not detected until 25 d after the infectious blood meal, and even after 28 d, <30% contained a disseminated infection. Results for mosquitoes held at 20 and 26 degrees C were intermediate for both infection and dissemination rates. The effect of environmental temperature should to be considered when evaluating the vector competence of these mosquitoes and modeling risk of WN virus transmission in nature.' Author: "Dohm, D. J.; O'Guinn, M. L.; Turell, M. J." DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.221 Date: Jan ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: 'Animals; Cercopithecus aethiops; Chickens; Culex/*virology; Disease Models, Animal; *Disease Outbreaks; Environment; Female; Insect Vectors/*virology; New York/epidemiology; Temperature; Time Factors; Vero Cells; Viremia; West Nile Fever/epidemiology/virology; West Nile virus/*physiology' Notes: "Dohm, David J O'Guinn, Monica L Turell, Michael J eng 2002/04/05 10:00 J Med Entomol. 2002 Jan;39(1):221-5." Pages: 221-225 Title: 'Effect of environmental temperature on the ability of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) to transmit West Nile virus' Volume: 39 Year: 2002 _record_number: 17998 _uuid: 8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1603/0022-2585-39.1.221 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3.yaml identifier: 8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 uri: /reference/8c5c5e1d-4d05-4c0e-8587-95895e42c7f3 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The F1 progeny of Culex tarsalis Coquillett females from the Coachella (CV) and San Joaquin (SJV) valleys collected during April 1991, and April, July, and October 1993 were reared and maintained as adults at 5 constant temperatures ranging from 14 to 38 degrees C. CV F1 progeny exhibited smaller body size, enhanced survival during spring, and higher autogeny rates than SJV F1 progeny; however, upper and lower thermal tolerance limits, immature developmental rates and survivorship, and adult life table parameters were relatively similar for both strains. Mosquitoes from both sites exhibited midsummer changes in immature developmental rates and survivorship, adult wing length, life expectancy at emergence, and generation time. These data indicated that temperature may select for both spatial and temporal changes in mosquito biology.' Author: 'Reisen, W. K.' DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/32.5.636 Date: Sep ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 5 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: Animals; California; *Culex; Female; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; *Temperature Notes: "Reisen, W K eng 1-R01-AI32939/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ 5-R22-AI-03028/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 1995/09/01 J Med Entomol. 1995 Sep;32(5):636-45." Pages: 636-645 Title: 'Effect of temperature on Culex tarsalis (Diptera: Culicidae) from the Coachella and San Joaquin Valleys of California' Volume: 32 Year: 1995 _record_number: 18025 _uuid: 8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1093/jmedent/32.5.636 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d.yaml identifier: 8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d uri: /reference/8fdde45b-cdd1-49de-b74f-966c15770b2d - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'This study compared the spatial and temporal patterns of Culex tarsalis Coquillett and Aedes vexans Meigen populations and examined their relationships with land cover types and climatic variability in Sioux Falls, SD. Between 24 and 30 CDC CO2-baited light traps were set annually in Sioux Falls from May to September 2005-2008. Land cover data were acquired from the 2001 National Land Cover Dataset and the percentages of selected land cover types were calculated within a 600-m buffer zone around each trap. Meteorological information was summarized from local weather stations. Cx. tarsalis exhibited stronger spatial autocorrelation than Ae. vexans. Land cover analysis indicated that Cx. tarsalis was positively correlated with grass/hay, and Ae. vexans was positively correlated with wetlands. No associations were identified between irrigation and the host-seeking population of each species. Higher temperature in the current week and 2 wk prior and higher precipitation 3-4 wk before collection of host-seeking adult mosquitoes had positive influences on Cx. tarsalis abundance. Temperature in the current week and rainfall 2-3 wk before sampling had positive influences on Ae. vexans abundance. This study revealed the different influences of weather and land cover on important mosquito species in the Northern Great Plains region, which can be used to improve local vector control strategies and West Nile virus prevention efforts.' Author: 'Chuang, T. W.; Hildreth, M. B.; Vanroekel, D. L.; Wimberly, M. C.' DOI: 10.1603/me10246 Date: May ISSN: 1938-2928 Issue: 3 Journal: Journal of Medical Entomology Keywords: Aedes/*physiology; Animals; Culex/*physiology; Ecosystem; Female; Insect Vectors/physiology; Population Density; South Dakota; Weather; West Nile Fever/prevention & control; West Nile virus/physiology Notes: 'Chuang, Ting-Wu Hildreth, Michael B Vanroekel, Denise L Wimberly, Michael C eng R01 AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01 AI079411-03/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ R01-AI079411/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural 2011/06/15 06:00 J Med Entomol. 2011 May;48(3):669-79.' Pages: 669-679 Title: 'Weather and land cover influences on mosquito populations in Sioux Falls, South Dakota' Volume: 48 Year: 2011 _record_number: 17997 _uuid: 945868ae-7a42-4c03-aecf-42d9f4b39a65 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1603/me10246 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/945868ae-7a42-4c03-aecf-42d9f4b39a65.yaml identifier: 945868ae-7a42-4c03-aecf-42d9f4b39a65 uri: /reference/945868ae-7a42-4c03-aecf-42d9f4b39a65 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Author: 'Reeves, W. C.; Asman, S. M.; Hardy, J. L.; Milby, M. M.; Reisen, W. K.' Number of Pages: 508 Place Published: 'Sacramento, CA' Publisher: California Mosquito and Vector Control Association Title: 'Epidemiology and Control of Mosquito-Borne Arboviruses in California, 1943-1987' Year: 1990 _record_number: 18348 _uuid: b18cdaac-0f7f-48ef-a9b9-ec3e27006924 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/d1dc2945-01c4-47c9-b59d-b4a6ef24ef55 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/b18cdaac-0f7f-48ef-a9b9-ec3e27006924.yaml identifier: b18cdaac-0f7f-48ef-a9b9-ec3e27006924 uri: /reference/b18cdaac-0f7f-48ef-a9b9-ec3e27006924 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Temporal variation in the abundance of the encephalitis virus vector mosquito, Culex tarsalis Coquillet, was linked significantly with coincident and antecedent measures of regional climate, including temperature, precipitation, snow pack, and the El Nino/Southern Oscillation anomaly. Although variable among traps, historical records that spanned two to five decades revealed climate influences on spring and summer mosquito abundance as early as the previous fall through early summer. Correlations between winter and spring precipitation and snow pack and spring Cx. tarsalis abundance were stronger than correlations with summer abundance. Spring abundance was also correlated positively with winter and spring temperature, whereas summer abundance correlated negatively with spring temperature and not significantly with summer temperature. Correlations with antecedent climate provide the opportunity to forecast vector abundance and therefore encephalitis virus risk, a capability useful in intervention decision support systems at local and state levels.' Author: 'Reisen, W. K.; Cayan, D.; Tyree, M.; Barker, C. M.; Eldridge, B.; Dettinger, M.' DOI: '10.3376/1081-1710(2008)33[89:iocvom]2.0.co;2' Date: Jun ISSN: 1948-7134 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Vector Ecology Keywords: Animals; California; *Climate; Culex/*growth & development; Environmental Monitoring; Geography; Seasons; Temperature Notes: "Reisen, William K Cayan, Daniel Tyree, Mary Barker, Christopher M Eldridge, Bruce Dettinger, Michael eng AI55607/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2008/08/14 09:00 J Vector Ecol. 2008 Jun;33(1):89-98." Pages: 89-98 Title: Impact of climate variation on mosquito abundance in California Volume: 33 Year: 2008 _record_number: 18026 _uuid: c3fa0d45-e602-4539-b0d8-98516bcee406 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.3376/1081-1710(2008)33%5B89:iocvom%5D2.0.co;2 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/c3fa0d45-e602-4539-b0d8-98516bcee406.yaml identifier: c3fa0d45-e602-4539-b0d8-98516bcee406 uri: /reference/c3fa0d45-e602-4539-b0d8-98516bcee406 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Temperature has played a critical role in the spatiotemporal dynamics of West Nile virus transmission throughout California from its introduction in 2003 through establishment by 2009. We compared two novel mechanistic measures of transmission risk, the temperature-dependent ratio of virus extrinsic incubation period to the mosquito gonotrophic period (BT), and the fundamental reproductive ratio (R(0)) based on a mathematical model, to analyze spatiotemporal patterns of receptivity to viral amplification. Maps of BT and R(0) were created at 20-km scale and compared throughout California to seroconversions in sentinel chicken flocks at half-month intervals. Overall, estimates of BT and R(0) agreed with intensity of transmission measured by the frequency of sentinel chicken seroconversions. Mechanistic measures such as these are important for understanding how temperature affects the spatiotemporal dynamics of West Nile virus transmission and for delineating risk estimates useful to inform vector control agency intervention decisions and communicate outbreak potential.' Author: 'Hartley, D. M.; Barker, C. M.; Le Menach, A.; Niu, T.; Gaff, H. D.; Reisen, W. K.' DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0342 Date: May ISSN: 0002-9637 Issue: 5 Journal: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene Keywords: 'Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology/transmission/virology; California/epidemiology; Chickens; Culicidae/virology; Disease Outbreaks; Female; Humans; Insect Vectors/virology; Models, Biological; *Seasons; *Temperature; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/transmission/veterinary; West Nile virus/growth & development/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity' Notes: "Hartley, David M Barker, Christopher M Le Menach, Arnaud Niu, Tianchan Gaff, Holly D Reisen, William K eng R01 AI55607/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ U01EH000418/EH/NCEH CDC HHS/ Comparative Study Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. 2012/05/05 06:00 Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2012 May;86(5):884-94. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0342." Pages: 884-894 Title: Effects of temperature on emergence and seasonality of West Nile virus in California Volume: 86 Year: 2012 _record_number: 18004 _uuid: fe14b0e8-c6e8-4e81-bd63-955c7d780308 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0342 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fe14b0e8-c6e8-4e81-bd63-955c7d780308.yaml identifier: fe14b0e8-c6e8-4e81-bd63-955c7d780308 uri: /reference/fe14b0e8-c6e8-4e81-bd63-955c7d780308