---
attrs:
  .reference_type: 0
  Abstract: 'Previous research has documented that individuals exposed to more stressors during disasters and their immediate aftermath (immediate stressors) are at risk of experiencing longer-term postdisaster stressors. Longer-term stressors, in turn, have been found to play a key role in shaping postdisaster psychological functioning. Few studies have simultaneously explored the links from immediate to longer-term stressors, and from longer-term stressors to psychological functioning, however. Additionally, studies have inadequately explored whether postdisaster psychological symptoms influence longer-term stressors. In the current study, we aimed to fill these gaps. Participants (N = 448) were from population-based study of Hurricane Ike survivors and completed assessments 2-5 months (Wave 1), 5-9 months (Wave 2) and 14-18 months (Wave 3) postdisaster. Through path analysis, we found that immediate stressors, assessed at Wave 1, were positively associated with Wave 2 and Wave 3 stressors, which in turn were positively associated with Wave 2 and Wave 3 posttraumatic stress and depressive symptoms. Wave 2 posttraumatic stress symptoms were positively associated with Wave 3 stressors, and Wave 1 depressive symptoms were positively associated with Wave 2 stressors. The findings suggest that policies and interventions can reduce the impact of disasters on mental health by preventing and alleviating both immediate and longer-term postdisaster stressors.'
  Author: 'Lowe, S. R.; Tracy, M.; Cerda, M.; Norris, F. H.; Galea, S.'
  DOI: 10.1002/jts.21872
  Date: Dec
  ISSN: 1573-6598
  Issue: 6
  Journal: Journal of Traumatic Stress
  Keywords: 'Adult; Cyclonic Storms; Depression/*etiology/psychology; Female; Humans; Interviews as Topic; Male; Middle Aged; *Models, Psychological; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/*etiology/psychology; Stress, Psychological/*psychology; Survivors/*psychology; Time Factors'
  Language: eng
  Notes: '1573-6598 Lowe, Sarah R Tracy, Melissa Cerda, Magdalena Norris, Fran H Galea, Sandro K01 DA030449/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/United States P60 MH082598/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States P60MH082598/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States T32 MH013043/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States T32MH013043/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States Journal Article Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural United States J Trauma Stress. 2013 Dec;26(6):753-61. doi: 10.1002/jts.21872.'
  Pages: 753-761
  Title: Immediate and longer-term stressors and the mental health of Hurricane Ike survivors
  Volume: 26
  Year: 2013
  _record_number: 18128
  _uuid: 0acc2713-8395-425c-b4ff-9754b7257048
  reftype: Journal Article
child_publication: /article/10.1002/jts.21872
description: Immediate and longer-term stressors and the mental health of Hurricane Ike survivors
display_name: Immediate and longer-term stressors and the mental health of Hurricane Ike survivors
href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0acc2713-8395-425c-b4ff-9754b7257048.yaml
identifier: 0acc2713-8395-425c-b4ff-9754b7257048
publications:
  - /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016
  - /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/mental-health-and-well-being
  - /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/mental-health-and-well-being/finding/exposure-weather-related-disasters-results-mental-health-consequences
type: reference
uri: /reference/0acc2713-8395-425c-b4ff-9754b7257048