--- - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Hooper, D.U.\rAdair, E.C.\rCardinale, B.J.\rByrnes, J.E.K.\rHungate, B.A.\rMatulich, K.L.\rGonzalez, A.\rDuffy, J.E.\rGamfeldt, L.\rO’Connor, M.I." DOI: 10.1038/nature11118 ISSN: 0028-0836 Issue: 7401 Journal: Nature Pages: 105-108 Title: A global synthesis reveals biodiversity loss as a major driver of ecosystem change Volume: 486 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 8: Ecosystems FINAL"]' _record_number: 3577 _uuid: 019b0f6c-600b-431f-9cd0-f6398b5ad7f9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/nature11118 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/019b0f6c-600b-431f-9cd0-f6398b5ad7f9.yaml identifier: 019b0f6c-600b-431f-9cd0-f6398b5ad7f9 uri: /reference/019b0f6c-600b-431f-9cd0-f6398b5ad7f9 - attrs: .publisher: American Meteorological Society .reference_type: 0 Access Date: 2013/06/07 Author: "Kossin, James P.\rCamargo, Suzana J.\rSitkowski, Matthew" DOI: 10.1175/2010jcli3497.1 Date: 2010/06/01 ISSN: 0894-8755 Issue: 11 Journal: Journal of Climate Pages: 3057-3076 Title: Climate modulation of North Atlantic hurricane tracks URL: http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/2010JCLI3497.1 Volume: 23 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 3724 _uuid: 01a4747b-4c08-4b88-a522-f59715cac627 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/2010jcli3497.1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01a4747b-4c08-4b88-a522-f59715cac627.yaml identifier: 01a4747b-4c08-4b88-a522-f59715cac627 uri: /reference/01a4747b-4c08-4b88-a522-f59715cac627 - attrs: .reference_type: 9 Editor: "Solecki, W.\rRosenzweig, C." Title: 'U.S. Cities and Climate Change: Urban, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Issues, Technical Input Report Series, U.S. National Climate Assessment' URL: http://data.globalchange.gov/report/usgcrp-cities-2012 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 13: Land Use and Land Cover Change FINAL","RG 10 Coasts","RG 6 Northwest","Ch. 11: Urban Systems FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2897 _uuid: 01b45a4a-2021-405d-a65b-2340e9ca9677 reftype: Edited Book child_publication: /report/usgcrp-cities-2012 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01b45a4a-2021-405d-a65b-2340e9ca9677.yaml identifier: 01b45a4a-2021-405d-a65b-2340e9ca9677 uri: /reference/01b45a4a-2021-405d-a65b-2340e9ca9677 - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: 'Horne, Jed' ISBN: 0812976509 Number of Pages: 464 Place Published: New York Publisher: Random House Trade Paperbacks Reviewer: 01c146e7-1a6a-42b5-aabf-cf0d9d5191b9 Title: 'Breach of Faith: Hurricane Katrina and the Near Death of a Great American City' Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 11: Urban Systems FINAL"]' _record_number: 3578 _uuid: 01c146e7-1a6a-42b5-aabf-cf0d9d5191b9 reftype: Book child_publication: /book/b9b3cdae-ffd2-42c8-9cd9-329ad48ec19d href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01c146e7-1a6a-42b5-aabf-cf0d9d5191b9.yaml identifier: 01c146e7-1a6a-42b5-aabf-cf0d9d5191b9 uri: /reference/01c146e7-1a6a-42b5-aabf-cf0d9d5191b9 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Accession Number: 16575582 Author: "Fleury, M.\rCharron, D. F.\rHolt, J. D.\rAllen, O. B.\rMaarouf, A. R." DOI: 10.1007/s00484-006-0028-9 Date: 2006 Jul ISSN: 0020-7128 Issue: 6 Journal: International Journal of Biometeorology Keywords: 'Alberta/epidemiology; Gram-Negative Bacteria/isolation & purification; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/*epidemiology; Humans; Intestinal Diseases/*epidemiology/*microbiology; Newfoundland and Labrador/epidemiology; *Temperature; EDAT- 2006/04/01 09:00; MHDA- 2007/04/18 09:00; PHST- 2005/07/29 [received]; PHST- 2006/02/07 [accepted]; PHST- 2006/01/24 [revised]; PHST- 2006/03/31 [aheadofprint]; AID - 10.1007/s00484-006-0028-9 [doi]; PST - ppublish' Language: eng Pages: 385-391 Title: A time series analysis of the relationship of ambient temperature and common bacterial enteric infections in two Canadian provinces Type of Article: 'Journal Article DEP - 20060331' Volume: 50 Year: 2006 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Overview"]' _record_number: 1670 _uuid: 01c49cdf-06bb-41ef-95be-37a8553295b7 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s00484-006-0028-9 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01c49cdf-06bb-41ef-95be-37a8553295b7.yaml identifier: 01c49cdf-06bb-41ef-95be-37a8553295b7 uri: /reference/01c49cdf-06bb-41ef-95be-37a8553295b7 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Norris, T.\rVines, P.L.\rHoeffel, E.M." Institution: U.S. Census Bureau Pages: 21 Title: 'The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010' URL: http://www.census.gov/prod/cen2010/briefs/c2010br-10.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL"]' _record_number: 3124 _uuid: 01f614e1-f014-44fa-95ba-82421990ec9b reftype: Report child_publication: /report/census-c2012br-10 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01f614e1-f014-44fa-95ba-82421990ec9b.yaml identifier: 01f614e1-f014-44fa-95ba-82421990ec9b uri: /reference/01f614e1-f014-44fa-95ba-82421990ec9b - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EPA,' Institution: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Pages: 459 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Title: 'Inventory of U.S. Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sinks: 2000 – 2009. EPA 430-R-11-005' URL: http://www.epa.gov/climatechange/Downloads/ghgemissions/US-GHG-Inventory-2011-Complete_Report.pdf Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 15: Biogeochemical FINAL","Ch. 5: Transportation FINAL","RF 6"]' _record_number: 1004 _uuid: 01f7a52d-ab22-4e20-a628-0948f329f7d1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/epa-greenhousegasinventory-1990-2009 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01f7a52d-ab22-4e20-a628-0948f329f7d1.yaml identifier: 01f7a52d-ab22-4e20-a628-0948f329f7d1 uri: /reference/01f7a52d-ab22-4e20-a628-0948f329f7d1 - attrs: .reference_type: 1 Author: "Deloria, V., Jr.\rDeMallie, R.J." ISBN: 9780806131184 Number of Volumes: 2 Place Published: 'Norman, OK' Publisher: University of Oklahoma Press Reviewer: 01f7a602-07fc-4408-ac59-3f3138c2d35c Title: 'Documents of American Indian Diplomacy: Treaties, Agreements, and Conventions, 1775-1979' Year: 1999 _chapter: '["Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL"]' _record_number: 3880 _uuid: 01f7a602-07fc-4408-ac59-3f3138c2d35c reftype: Book child_publication: /book/05ba1b46-54f0-4baf-ba02-517dd58c6786 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/01f7a602-07fc-4408-ac59-3f3138c2d35c.yaml identifier: 01f7a602-07fc-4408-ac59-3f3138c2d35c uri: /reference/01f7a602-07fc-4408-ac59-3f3138c2d35c - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Anisimov, O.A.\rD.G. Vaughan\rT.V. Callaghan\rC. Furgal\rH. Marchant\rT.D. Prowse\rH. Vilhjálmsson\rJ.E. Walsh" Book Title: 'Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' Editor: "Parry, M.L.\rCanziani, O.F.\rPalutikof, J.P.\rvan der Linden, P.J.\rHanson, C.E." ISBN: 978 0521 88010-7 Pages: 653-685 Place Published: 'Cambridge, UK and New York, New York, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Reviewer: 0219be15-0f2c-4907-881a-791bdd20ca6e Title: Polar regions (Arctic and Antarctic) Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 12: Indigenous FINAL"]' _record_number: 3897 _uuid: 0219be15-0f2c-4907-881a-791bdd20ca6e reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar4-wg2 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0219be15-0f2c-4907-881a-791bdd20ca6e.yaml identifier: 0219be15-0f2c-4907-881a-791bdd20ca6e uri: /reference/0219be15-0f2c-4907-881a-791bdd20ca6e - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Hsia, R.Y.\rKellermann, A.L.\rShen, Yu-Chu" DOI: 10.1001/jama.2011.620 ISSN: 0098-7484 Issue: 19 Journal: 'JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association' Pages: 1978-1985 Title: Factors associated with closures of emergency departments in the United States URL: http://jama.jamanetwork.com/article.aspx?articleid=1161864 Volume: 305 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 3593 _uuid: 0219f3f2-9fe2-4b30-8b5e-555cd1dd827b reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1001/jama.2011.620 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0219f3f2-9fe2-4b30-8b5e-555cd1dd827b.yaml identifier: 0219f3f2-9fe2-4b30-8b5e-555cd1dd827b uri: /reference/0219f3f2-9fe2-4b30-8b5e-555cd1dd827b - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Barth, J.A.\rMenge, B.A.\rLubchenco, J.\rChan, F.\rBane, J.M.\rKirincich, A.R.\rMcManus, M.A.\rNielsen, K.J.\rPierce, S.D.\rWashburn, L." DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0700462104 ISSN: 0027-8424 Issue: 10 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Pages: 3719-3724 Title: Delayed upwelling alters nearshore coastal ocean ecosystems in the northern California current URL: http://www.pnas.org/content/104/10/3719.full.pdf+html Volume: 104 Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL"]' _record_number: 501 _uuid: 021db5fd-4164-47ba-ba6a-f7f1895fbd0a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.0700462104 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/021db5fd-4164-47ba-ba6a-f7f1895fbd0a.yaml identifier: 021db5fd-4164-47ba-ba6a-f7f1895fbd0a uri: /reference/021db5fd-4164-47ba-ba6a-f7f1895fbd0a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Sleeter, Benjamin M.\rSohl, Terry L.\rBouchard, Michelle A.\rReker, Ryan R.\rSoulard, Christopher E.\rAcevedo, William\rGriffith, Glenn E.\rSleeter, Rachel R.\rAuch, Roger F.\rSayler, Kristi L.\rPrisley, Stephen\rZhu, Zhiliang" DOI: 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.03.008 Date: 10// ISSN: 0959-3780 Issue: 4 Journal: Global Environmental Change Keywords: "Land use\rLand cover\rChange\rScenarios\rIPCC\rSRES\rDownscaling\rUnited States\rEcoregions" Pages: 896-914 Title: 'Scenarios of land use and land cover change in the conterminous United States: Utilizing the special report on emission scenarios at ecoregional scales' URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959378012000325 Volume: 22 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 13: Land Use and Land Cover Change FINAL"]' _record_number: 4322 _uuid: 02368541-1517-4be7-9695-69eb35eee975 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2012.03.008 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/02368541-1517-4be7-9695-69eb35eee975.yaml identifier: 02368541-1517-4be7-9695-69eb35eee975 uri: /reference/02368541-1517-4be7-9695-69eb35eee975 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 .text_styles: '' Author: "Ziska, L.H.\rTeasdale, J.R." DOI: 10.1071/PP99099 ISSN: 1445-4416 Issue: 2 Journal: Australian Journal of Plant Physiology Pages: 159-166 Title: 'Sustained growth and increased tolerance to glyphosate observed in a C3 perennial weed, quackgrass (Elytrigia repens), grown at elevated carbon dioxide' Volume: 27 Year: 2000 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL"]' _record_number: 3556 _uuid: 024c5cef-06d2-42fa-8c07-d674771da771 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1071/PP99099 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/024c5cef-06d2-42fa-8c07-d674771da771.yaml identifier: 024c5cef-06d2-42fa-8c07-d674771da771 uri: /reference/024c5cef-06d2-42fa-8c07-d674771da771 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Pryor, S.C.\rKunkel, K.E.\rSchoof, J.T. " Book Title: 'Understanding Climate Change: Climate Variability, Predictability and Change in the Midwestern United States' Chapter: 9 ISBN: 9780253353443 Pages: 100-112 Place Published: 'Bloomington, IN' Publisher: Indiana University Press Reviewer: 0259fbdd-968b-4179-9db0-8da6f099bf7f Title: 'Ch. 9: Did precipitation regimes change during the twentieth century?' Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2551 _uuid: 0259fbdd-968b-4179-9db0-8da6f099bf7f reftype: Book Section child_publication: /book/8cc5ea2d-2857-45cd-9c22-84c8ca7eb3ca href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0259fbdd-968b-4179-9db0-8da6f099bf7f.yaml identifier: 0259fbdd-968b-4179-9db0-8da6f099bf7f uri: /reference/0259fbdd-968b-4179-9db0-8da6f099bf7f - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The observed global-warming rate has been nonuniform, and the cause of each episode of slowing in the expected warming rate is the subject of intense debate. To explain this, nonrecurrent events have commonly been invoked for each episode separately. After reviewing evidence in both the latest global data (HadCRUT4) and the longest instrumental record, Central England Temperature, a revised picture is emerging that gives a consistent attribution for each multidecadal episode of warming and cooling in recent history, and suggests that the anthropogenic global warming trends might have been overestimated by a factor of two in the second half of the 20th century. A recurrent multidecadal oscillation is found to extend to the preindustrial era in the 353-y Central England Temperature and is likely an internal variability related to the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), possibly caused by the thermohaline circulation variability. The perspective of a long record helps in quantifying the contribution from internal variability, especially one with a period so long that it is often confused with secular trends in shorter records. Solar contribution is found to be minimal for the second half of the 20th century and less than 10% for the first half. The underlying net anthropogenic warming rate in the industrial era is found to have been steady since 1910 at 0.07–0.08 °C/decade, with superimposed AMO-related ups and downs that included the early 20th century warming, the cooling of the 1960s and 1970s, the accelerated warming of the 1980s and 1990s, and the recent slowing of the warming rates. Quantitatively, the recurrent multidecadal internal variability, often underestimated in attribution studies, accounts for 40% of the observed recent 50-y warming trend.' Author: "Tung, Ka-Kit\rZhou, Jiansong" DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1212471110 Date: 'January 23, 2013' Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Title: Using data to attribute episodes of warming and cooling in instrumental records URL: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/01/22/1212471110.full.pdf+html Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 4407 _uuid: 025e3b4f-1901-4a21-9f07-8abc1984fd33 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1212471110 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/025e3b4f-1901-4a21-9f07-8abc1984fd33.yaml identifier: 025e3b4f-1901-4a21-9f07-8abc1984fd33 uri: /reference/025e3b4f-1901-4a21-9f07-8abc1984fd33 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Moser, S.C.\rEkstrom, J.A." DOI: 10.1007/s13412-011-0012-5 ISSN: 2190-6483 Issue: 1 Journal: Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences Pages: 63-74 Title: 'Taking ownership of climate change: Participatory adaptation planning in two local case studies from California' URL: http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs13412-011-0012-5 Volume: 1 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 11: Urban Systems FINAL"]' _record_number: 2099 _uuid: 027aad4c-611b-48e1-89d2-da0769617f1a reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s13412-011-0012-5 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/027aad4c-611b-48e1-89d2-da0769617f1a.yaml identifier: 027aad4c-611b-48e1-89d2-da0769617f1a uri: /reference/027aad4c-611b-48e1-89d2-da0769617f1a - attrs: .publisher: American Meteorological Society .reference_type: 0 Access Date: 2013/08/15 Author: "Diaz, Henry F.\rTrigo, Ricardo\rHughes, Malcolm K.\rMann, Michael E.\rXoplaki, Elena\rBarriopedro, David" DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-10-05003.1 Date: 2011/11/01 ISSN: 0003-0007 Issue: 11 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: 1487-1500 Title: Spatial and temporal characteristics of climate in medieval times revisited URL: http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/BAMS-D-10-05003.1 Volume: 92 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 4256 _uuid: 027cb6ac-806e-4b5d-acce-ca12196e5186 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/bams-d-10-05003.1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/027cb6ac-806e-4b5d-acce-ca12196e5186.yaml identifier: 027cb6ac-806e-4b5d-acce-ca12196e5186 uri: /reference/027cb6ac-806e-4b5d-acce-ca12196e5186 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Gregg, R.M., \rHansen, L.J., \rFeifel, K.M., \rHitt, J.L., \rKershner, J.M., \rScore, A.,\rHoffman, J.R." Pages: 145 Title: 'The State of Marine and Coastal Adaptation in North America: A Synthesis of Emerging Ideas. A report for the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation: Bainbridge Island, WA, EcoAdapt.' URL: http://ecoadapt.org/documents/marine-adaptation-report.pdf Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL"]' _record_number: 1598 _uuid: 0291bb38-19de-40bf-850c-14fa779eadc7 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/ecoadapt-marine-coastal-2011 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0291bb38-19de-40bf-850c-14fa779eadc7.yaml identifier: 0291bb38-19de-40bf-850c-14fa779eadc7 uri: /reference/0291bb38-19de-40bf-850c-14fa779eadc7 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Brown, Casey\rWilby, Robert L." DOI: 10.1029/2012eo410001 ISSN: 2324-9250 Issue: 41 Journal: 'Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union' Keywords: "climate change\rrisk assessment\rwater resources\rdecision making\r1626 Global climate models\r4328 Risk\r4321 Climate impact\r6309 Decision making under uncertainty\r6329 Project evaluation" Pages: 401-402 Title: An alternate approach to assessing climate risks URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2012EO410001/pdf Volume: 93 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 26: Decision Support FINAL"]' _record_number: 4065 _uuid: 02a191a8-861b-4903-833f-605ca9e82ca0 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2012eo410001 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/02a191a8-861b-4903-833f-605ca9e82ca0.yaml identifier: 02a191a8-861b-4903-833f-605ca9e82ca0 uri: /reference/02a191a8-861b-4903-833f-605ca9e82ca0 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'The White House,' Institution: The White House Pages: 462 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Title: 'Economic Report of the President, Council of Economic Advisors' URL: http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/microsites/economic-report-president.pdf Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 27: Mitigation FINAL","RF 12"]' _record_number: 3040 _uuid: 02a2f813-d038-4d1a-b329-b08b1ed3992b reftype: Report child_publication: /report/whitehouse-erp-2010 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/02a2f813-d038-4d1a-b329-b08b1ed3992b.yaml identifier: 02a2f813-d038-4d1a-b329-b08b1ed3992b uri: /reference/02a2f813-d038-4d1a-b329-b08b1ed3992b - attrs: .reference_type: 2 Academic Department: College of Forest Resources Author: 'Oneil, E.E.' ISBN: 054298038X Number of Pages: 99 Title: Developing Stand Density Thresholds to Address Mountain Pine Beetle Susceptibility in Eastern Washington Forests URL: http://www.ruraltech.org/pubs/theses/oneil/phd/oneil_dissertation.pdf University: University of Wisconsin Year: 2006 _chapter: '["Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2356 _uuid: 02ee0755-97ac-40e5-979b-e7d60fd5e179 reftype: Thesis child_publication: /generic/0a1c1b9e-d33d-40ad-b0ca-5ecfdb96e654 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/02ee0755-97ac-40e5-979b-e7d60fd5e179.yaml identifier: 02ee0755-97ac-40e5-979b-e7d60fd5e179 uri: /reference/02ee0755-97ac-40e5-979b-e7d60fd5e179 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'PWC,' Institution: 'PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP ' Pages: 36 Place Published: 'London, UK' Title: 'Business Leadership on Climate Change Adaptation: Encouraging Engagement and Action' URL: http://www.ukmediacentre.pwc.com/imagelibrary/downloadMedia.ashx?MediaDetailsID=1837 Volume: 2010 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 12"]' _record_number: 2557 _uuid: 02eea05b-aacd-4b40-bdc0-d36fa59aa814 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/pricewaterhouse-business-2010 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/02eea05b-aacd-4b40-bdc0-d36fa59aa814.yaml identifier: 02eea05b-aacd-4b40-bdc0-d36fa59aa814 uri: /reference/02eea05b-aacd-4b40-bdc0-d36fa59aa814 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Accession Number: 21785890 Alternate Journal: EcoHealth Author: "Harper, S. L.\rEdge, V. L.\rSchuster-Wallace, C. J.\rBerke, O.\rMcEwen, S. A." Author Address: 'Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada, harpers@uoguelph.ca.' DOI: 10.1007/s10393-011-0690-1 Date: Mar Epub Date: 2011/07/26 ISSN: '1612-9210 ' Issue: 1 Journal: Ecohealth Language: eng Pages: 93-108 Title: 'Weather, water quality and infectious gastrointestinal illness in two Inuit communities in Nunatsiavut, Canada: Potential implications for climate change' UUID: 'Food/water-borne disease, Water quality, Water insecurity, 6 (Arctic), non-US' Volume: 8 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","Overview"]' _record_number: 1798 _uuid: 03009fa3-0b53-44b8-a890-6e3ac5850680 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s10393-011-0690-1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/03009fa3-0b53-44b8-a890-6e3ac5850680.yaml identifier: 03009fa3-0b53-44b8-a890-6e3ac5850680 uri: /reference/03009fa3-0b53-44b8-a890-6e3ac5850680 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Extremes of the hydrologic cycle will accompany global warming, causing precipitation intensity to increase, particularly in middle and high latitudes. During the twentieth century, the frequency of major storms has already increased, and the total precipitation increase over this time period has primarily come from the greater number of heavy events. The Great Lakes region is projected to experience a rise these extreme precipitation events.; For southern Wisconsin, the precipitation rate of the 10 wettest days was Simulated using a suite of seven global climate models from the UN Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report. For each ranking, the precipitation rate of these very heavy events increases in the future. Overall, the models project that extreme precipitation events will become 10% to 40% stronger in southern Wisconsin, resulting in greater potential for flooding, and for the waterborne diseases that often accompany high discharge into Lake Michigan.; Using 6.4 cm (2.5 in) of daily precipitation as the threshold for initiating combined sewer overflow into Lake Michigan, the frequency of these events is expected to rise by 50% to 120% by the end of this century. The combination of future thermal and hydrologic changes may affect the usability of recreational beaches. Chicago beach closures are dependent on the magnitude of recent precipitation (within the past 24 hours), lake temperature, and lake stage. Projected increases in heavy rainfall, warmer lake waters, and lowered lake levels would all be expected to contribute to beach contamination in the future.; The Great Lakes serve as a drinking water source for more than 40 million people. Ongoing studies and past events illustrate a strong connection between rain events and the amount of pollutants entering the Great Lakes. Extreme precipitation under global warming projections may overwhelm the combined sewer systems and lead to overflow events that can threaten both human health and recreation in the region.' Alternate Journal: Am J Prev Med Author: "Patz, J. A.\rVavrus, S. J.\rUejio, C. K.\rMcLellan, S. L." Author Address: 'Patz, JA; Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm SAGE, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, 1710 Univ Ave,Room 258, Madison, WI 53726 USA; Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm SAGE, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, 1710 Univ Ave,Room 258, Madison, WI 53726 USA; Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm SAGE, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53726 USA' DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.026 Date: Nov ISSN: 0749-3797 Issue: 5 Journal: American Journal of Preventive Medicine Keywords: escherichia-coli concentrations; microbial source tracking; fecal indicator bacteria; united-states; recreational waters; gastrointestinal illness; hydrological cycle; huntington-beach; nonpoint sources; nearshore water Language: English Notes: 365HN; Times Cited:19; Cited References Count:76 Pages: 451-458 Title: Climate Change and Waterborne Disease Risk in the Great Lakes Region of the U.S. URL: http://www.ajpmonline.org/article/S0749-3797(08)00702-2/fulltext Volume: 35 Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 9: Human Health FINAL","RG 3 Midwest","Overview","Ch. 18: Midwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 2443 _uuid: 030e3539-a620-441c-adb6-042db1a3fa6e reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1016/j.amepre.2008.08.026 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/030e3539-a620-441c-adb6-042db1a3fa6e.yaml identifier: 030e3539-a620-441c-adb6-042db1a3fa6e uri: /reference/030e3539-a620-441c-adb6-042db1a3fa6e