--- - attributes: ~ caption: "This “mock-up” shows the existing Highway LA-1 and Leeville Bridge in coastal \r\nLouisiana (on the right) with a planned new, elevated bridge that would retain functionality under \r\nfuture, higher sea level conditions (center left). (Current sea level and sinking bridge are shown \r\nhere.) A 7-mile portion of the planned bridge has been completed and opened to traffic in \r\nDecember 2011. (Figure source: Greater Lafourche Port Commission, reprinted with permission)." chapter_identifier: coastal-zone create_dt: 2013-11-14T13:06:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/adapting-coastal-infrastructure-to-sea-level-rise-and-land-loss.yaml identifier: adapting-coastal-infrastructure-to-sea-level-rise-and-land-loss lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 5 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Adapting Coastal Infrastructure to Sea Level Rise and Land Loss uri: /report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/adapting-coastal-infrastructure-to-sea-level-rise-and-land-loss url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/regions/coasts/graphics/adapting-coastal-infrastructure-sea-level-rise-and-land-loss usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: "A coastal ecosystem restoration project in New York City integrates revegetation (a \r\nform of green infrastructure) with bulkheads and riprap (gray or built infrastructure). Investments \r\nin coastal ecosystem conservation and restoration can protect coastal waterfronts and \r\ninfrastructure, while providing additional benefits, such as habitat for commercial and recreational \r\nfish, birds, and other animal and plant species, that are not offered by built infrastructure. \r\n(Photo credit: Department of City Planning, New York City, reprinted with permission)." chapter_identifier: coastal-zone create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/ecosystem-restoration.yaml identifier: ecosystem-restoration lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 6 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Ecosystem Restoration uri: /report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/ecosystem-restoration url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/regions/coasts/graphics/ecosystem-restoration usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: "Ports are deeply interconnected with inland areas through the goods imported and \r\nexported each year. Climate change impacts on ports can thus have far-reaching implications for \r\nthe nation’s economy. These maps show the exports and imports in 2010 (in tons/year) and \r\nfreight flows (in trucks per day) from four major U.S. ports to other U.S. areas designated in the \r\nU.S. Department of Transportation’s Freight Analysis Framework (FAF): Los Angeles, Houston, \r\nNew York/New Jersey, and Seattle. Note: Highway Link Flow less than 5 FAF Trucks/Day are not \r\nshown. (Figure source: U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, \r\nOffice of Freight Management and Operations, Freight Analysis Framework, version 3.4, \r\n2012).57430e1e-9f81-4d9b-a79a-65c280867f87" chapter_identifier: coastal-zone create_dt: 2013-12-10T13:15:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/coasttoinland-economic-connections.yaml identifier: coasttoinland-economic-connections lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 7 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Office of Freight Management and Operations, Freight Analysis Framework, version 3.4, 2012' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Coast-to-Inland Economic Connections uri: /report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/coasttoinland-economic-connections url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/highlights/regions/coasts/graphics/coast-inland-economic-connections usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: "Coastal ecosystems provide a suite of valuable benefits (ecosystem services) on which \r\nhumans depend for food, economic activities, inspiration, and enjoyment. This schematic \r\nillustrates many of these services situated in a Pacific or Caribbean island setting, but many \r\nof them can also be found along mainland coastlines." chapter_identifier: coastal-zone create_dt: 2013-07-09T12:00:14 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/coastal-ecosystem-services.yaml identifier: coastal-ecosystem-services lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 8 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Coastal Ecosystem Services uri: /report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/coastal-ecosystem-services url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/regions/coasts/graphics/coastal-ecosystem-services usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'These maps show expected future land change in coastal Louisiana under two different sea level rise scenarios without protection or restoration actions. Red indicates a transition from land (either wetlands or barrier islands) to open water. Green indicates new land built over previously open water. Land loss is influenced by factors other than sea level rise, including subsidence, river discharge and sediment load, and precipitation patterns. However, all these factors except sea level rise were held constant for this analysis. The panel on the left shows land change with a sea level rise of 10.6 inches between 2010 and 2060, while the one on the right assumes 31.5 inches of sea level rise for the same period. These amounts of sea level rise are within the projected ranges for this time period (Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate). (Figure source: State of Louisiana, reprinted with permissionf1d65fb3-933a-4bbf-b6ac-25ea4d0409d5).' chapter_identifier: coastal-zone create_dt: 2014-03-04T14:44:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/projected-land-loss-from-sea-level-rise-in-coastal-louisiana.yaml identifier: projected-land-loss-from-sea-level-rise-in-coastal-louisiana lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 9 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Projected Land Loss from Sea Level Rise in Coastal Louisiana uri: /report/nca3/chapter/coastal-zone/figure/projected-land-loss-from-sea-level-rise-in-coastal-louisiana url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/regions/coasts/graphics/projected-land-loss-sea-level-rise-coastal-louisiana usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Decisions take place within a complex context. Decision support processes and tools can help structure decision-making, organize and analyze information, and build consensus around options for action.' chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2014-03-14T12:57:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/decisionmaking-elements-and-outcomes.yaml identifier: decisionmaking-elements-and-outcomes lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 1 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Decision-making Elements and Outcomes uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/decisionmaking-elements-and-outcomes url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/highlights/report-findings/responses/graphics/decision-making-elements-and-outcomes usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: Boundary processes facilitate the flow of information and sharing of knowledge between decision-makers and scientists/technical experts. Processes that bring these groups together and help translate between different areas of expertise can provide substantial benefits. chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2013-08-14T11:24:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/boundary-processes-linking-decisionmakers-and-scientifictechnical-experts.yaml identifier: boundary-processes-linking-decisionmakers-and-scientifictechnical-experts lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 2 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Boundary Processes Linking Decision-Makers and Scientific/Technical Experts uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/boundary-processes-linking-decisionmakers-and-scientifictechnical-experts url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/decision-support/graphics/boundary-processes-linking-decision-makers-and usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'This illustration highlights several stages of a well-structured decision-making process. (Figure source: adapted from NRC 2010a230ab8f-a284-491a-91cd-45d7b8b32bdf and Willows and Connell 20035dce5300-d368-4ad2-9681-bbb4f24a7d50).' chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2013-08-14T11:16:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/decisionmaking-framework.yaml identifier: decisionmaking-framework lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 3 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'adapted from NRC 2010 and Willows and Connell 2003a230ab8f-a284-491a-91cd-45d7b8b32bdf,5dce5300-d368-4ad2-9681-bbb4f24a7d50' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Decision-Making Framework uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/decisionmaking-framework url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/highlights/report-findings/responses/graphics/decision-making-framework usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'This figure highlights the importance of incorporating both experts’ assessment of the climate change risk and general public perceptions of this risk in developing risk management strategies for reducing the negative impacts of climate change. As indicated by the arrows, how the public perceives risk should be considered when experts communicate data on the risks associated with climate change so the public refines its understanding of these risks. As the arrows indicate, the general public’s views must also be considered in addition to experts’ judgments when developing risk management strategies that achieve decision-makers’ desired objectives. Climate change policies that are implemented will, in turn, affect both expert assessment and public perception of this risk in the future, as indicated by the feedback loop from risk management to these two boxes.' chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2013-07-17T14:45:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/linking-risk-assessment-and-risk-perception-with-risk-management-of-climate-change.yaml identifier: linking-risk-assessment-and-risk-perception-with-risk-management-of-climate-change lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 4 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Linking Risk Assessment and Risk Perception with Risk Management of Climate Change uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/linking-risk-assessment-and-risk-perception-with-risk-management-of-climate-change url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/decision-support/graphics/linking-risk-assessment-and-risk-perception usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'The Santa Cruz Watershed Ecosystem Portfolio Model is a regional land-use planning tool that integrates ecological, economic, and social information and values relevant to decision-makers and stakeholders. The tool is a map-based set of evaluation tools for planners and stakeholders, and is meant to help in balancing disparate interests within a regional context. Projections for climate change can be added to tools such as this one and used to simulate impacts of climate change and generate scenarios of climate change sensitivity; such an application is under development for this tool (Figure source: USGS 2012d4622f7e-aca7-42e6-95da-90579a187c30).' chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2013-08-21T11:52:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/land-use-planning-tool-for-the-upper-santa-cruz-watershed.yaml identifier: land-use-planning-tool-for-the-upper-santa-cruz-watershed lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 5 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'USGS 2012d4622f7e-aca7-42e6-95da-90579a187c30' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Land-use Planning Tool for the Upper Santa Cruz Watershed. uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/land-use-planning-tool-for-the-upper-santa-cruz-watershed url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/decision-support/graphics/land-use-planning-tool-upper-santa-cruz usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Scenario planning is an important component of decision-making. This “cone of uncertainty” is used to depict potential futures in Denver Water’s scenario planning exercises. (Figure source: adapted from Waage 2010f0de84c3-2097-47be-b7a7-e0d40ead0109).' chapter_identifier: decision-support create_dt: 2012-10-02T10:02:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/scenario-planning.yaml identifier: scenario-planning lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 6 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'adapted from Waage 2010f0de84c3-2097-47be-b7a7-e0d40ead0109' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Scenario Planning uri: /report/nca3/chapter/decision-support/figure/scenario-planning url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/decision-support/graphics/scenario-planning usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Figure shows human-induced changes in the global carbon dioxide budget roughly since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution. Emissions from fossil fuel burning are the dominant cause of the steep rise shown here from 1850 to 2012. (Global Carbon Project 2010, 2012da606b84-6d9a-4d7c-9bc0-73a22c1fca43,7b0489fe-3bdf-4744-ae47-f0e48d53a7d2).' chapter_identifier: mitigation create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/human-activities-and-the-global-carbon-dioxide-budget.yaml identifier: human-activities-and-the-global-carbon-dioxide-budget lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 1 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Human Activities and the Global Carbon Dioxide Budget uri: /report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/human-activities-and-the-global-carbon-dioxide-budget url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/mitigation/graphics/human-activities-and-global-carbon-dioxide-budget usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'This graph depicts the changes in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions over time as a function of five driving forces: 1) the amount of CO2 produced per unit of energy (CO2 intensity); 2) the amount of energy used per unit of gross domestic product (energy intensity); 3) structural changes in the economy; 4) per capita income; and 5) population. Although CO2 intensity and especially energy intensity have decreased significantly and the structure of the U.S. economy has changed, total CO2 emissions have continued to rise as a result of the growth in both population and per capita income. (Baldwin and Sue Wing, 20134ae74fe5-51c5-4235-b9ab-3648489a2d9c).' chapter_identifier: mitigation create_dt: 2013-10-21T14:15:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/drivers-of-us-fossil-emissions.yaml identifier: drivers-of-us-fossil-emissions lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 2 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Drivers of U.S. Fossil Emissions uri: /report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/drivers-of-us-fossil-emissions url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/mitigation/graphics/drivers-us-fossil-emissions usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Chart shows annual average greenhouse gas emissions from land use including livestock and crop production, but does not include fossil fuels used in agricultural production. Forests are a significant “sink” that absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. All values shown are for 2008, except wetlands, which are shown for 2003. (Pacala et al. 2007;385bda86-7b42-4264-9673-280ac0091528 USDA 20118e71f863-8c83-4786-900c-ad8c8c252b30).' chapter_identifier: mitigation create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/sources-and-sinks-in-us-agriculture-and-forests.yaml identifier: sources-and-sinks-in-us-agriculture-and-forests lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 3 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Sources and Sinks in U.S. Agriculture and Forests uri: /report/nca3/chapter/mitigation/figure/sources-and-sinks-in-us-agriculture-and-forests url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/mitigation/graphics/sources-and-sinks-us-agriculture-and-forests usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Status of State Climate Adaptation Plans. (Figure source: redrawn from C2ES 20138543cec9-99b4-4418-ab11-90d5f7199b1b).' chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: 2013-08-07T11:26:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/status-of-state-climate-adaptation-plans.yaml identifier: status-of-state-climate-adaptation-plans lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 1 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: redrawn from C2ES 2012 submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Status of State Climate Adaptation Plans. . uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/status-of-state-climate-adaptation-plans url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/status-state-climate-adaptation-plans usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: '“Risk Disk” depicts three pathways by which risks posed by climate change can affect business, such as through core operations, the value chain, and broader changes in the economy and infrastructure. (Figure source: redrawn from C2ES 20081da938d9-a062-427a-b5f6-5cfdf41030db).' chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: 2012-10-04T17:34:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/risk-disk.yaml identifier: risk-disk lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 2 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: redrawn from C2ES 2008 submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Effects of Climate Change on... uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/risk-disk url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/effects-climate-change usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: "Generalized Adaptation Process\r\n (Figure source: adapted from NRC\r\n 201065ce3b87-d63b-4582-a9b5-f25510b64e97)." chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: 2012-10-05T08:18:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/adaptation-process.yaml identifier: adaptation-process lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 3 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'adapted from NRC, 2010' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Adaptation Process uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/adaptation-process url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/adaptation-process usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: ~ chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/adaptation-activity.yaml identifier: adaptation-activity lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 4 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Adaptation Activity uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/adaptation-activity url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/adaptation-activity usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'U.S. Drought Monitor Map accessed on August 20, 2012. The U.S. Drought Monitor is produced in partnership between the national Drought Mitigation Center at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Department of Agriculture, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Map courtesy of NDMC-UNL.' chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: 2014-03-14T13:30:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/us-drought-monitor.yaml identifier: us-drought-monitor lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 5 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: 'U.S. Drought Monitor August 14, 2012' uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/us-drought-monitor url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/us-drought-monitor-august-14-2012 usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: "Northwoods Climate Change Response\r\n Framework Region (Figure Source: USDA Forest Service\r\n 20124772b8ff-e82b-47fd-8bfb-8e6405927beb)." chapter_identifier: adaptation create_dt: 2013-08-02T09:41:00 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/northwoods-climate-change-response-framework.yaml identifier: northwoods-climate-change-response-framework lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: 6 report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Northwoods Climate Change Response Framework Region uri: /report/nca3/chapter/adaptation/figure/northwoods-climate-change-response-framework url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/response-strategies/adaptation/graphics/northwoods-climate-change-response-framework-region usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source.