"urban-adaptation-plans" . "11.4"^^ . "City government agencies and organizations have started adaptation plans that focus on infrastructure systems and public health. To be successful, these adaptation efforts require cooperative private sector and governmental activities, but institutions face many barriers to implementing coordinated efforts."^^ . . . "In developing key messages, the report author team engaged in multiple technical discussions via teleconference. A consensus process was used to determine the final set of key messages, which are supported by extensive evidence documented in two Technical Report Inputs to the National Climate Assessment on urban systems, infrastructure, and vulnerability: 1) Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities: Technical Report for the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment , and 2) U.S. Cities and Climate Change: Urban, Infrastructure, and Vulnerability Issues . Other Technical Input reports (56) on a wide range of topics were also received and reviewed as part of the Federal Register Notice solicitation for public input. "^^ . "Urban adaptation is already underway with a number of cities developing plans at the city and state levels, with some integrating adaptation into community plans and sharing information and assessing potential impacts. Some recent publications have explored how incentives and administrative and financial support can benefit climate adaptation through policy planning at the local level and by engaging the public. Barriers exist that can hinder the adaptation process, which has been demonstrated through publications assessing the availability of scientific data that is integral to the evaluation and planning process, uncertainty in the climate system and modeling techniques, and the challenges of gaining support and commitment from local officials."^^ . "Given the evidence base and remaining uncertainties, confidence is very high that city government agencies and organizations have started urban adaptation efforts that focus on infrastructure systems and public health."^^ . "Besides uncertainties associated with the rate and extent of potential climate change, uncertainties emerge from the fact that, to date, there have been few extended case studies examining how U.S. cities are responding to climate change (<10 studies). Furthermore, only one large-scale survey of U.S. cites has been conducted for which results have been published and widely available."^^ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .