--- - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Accession Number: 90 Author: "Meehl, G.A.\rStocker, T.F.\rCollins, W.D.\rFriedlingstein, P.\rGaye, A.T.\rGregory, J.M.\rKitoh, A.\rKnutti, R.\rMurphy, J.M.\rNoda, A.\rRaper, S.C.B.\rWatterson, I.G.\rWeaver, A.J.\rZhao, Z.-C." Book Title: 'Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science basis: Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' Chapter: Chapter 10 Editor: "Solomon, S\rQin, D.\rManning, M.\rChen, Z.\rMarquis, M.\rAveryt, K.B.\rTignor, M.\rMiller, H.L." Pages: 747-845 Place Published: 'Cambridge, UK and New York, NY' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Reviewer: eff5ce0d-c403-455b-9358-98be45351c7b Title: 'Ch. 10: Global climate projections' URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-chapter10.pdf Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 23: Hawaii FINAL"]' _record_number: 1983 _uuid: eff5ce0d-c403-455b-9358-98be45351c7b reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar4-wg1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/eff5ce0d-c403-455b-9358-98be45351c7b.yaml identifier: eff5ce0d-c403-455b-9358-98be45351c7b uri: /reference/eff5ce0d-c403-455b-9358-98be45351c7b - attrs: .publisher: American Meteorological Society .reference_type: 0 Access Date: 2013/07/24 Author: "Bell, G. D.\rE. S. Blake\rC. W. Landsea \rT. B. Kimberlain\rS. B. Goldenberg\rJ. Schemm\rR. J. Pasch" DOI: 10.1175/2012BAMSStateoftheClimate.1 Date: 2012/07/01 ISSN: 0003-0007 Issue: 7 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: S99-S105 Title: '[Tropical cyclones] Atlantic basin [in "State of the Climate in 2011"]' URL: http://www1.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/cmb/bams-sotc/climate-assessment-2011-lo-rez.pdf Volume: 93 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","RF 2"]' _record_number: 3761 _uuid: f03b40a2-9d89-4aa9-adb8-dd21d7a95b52 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /report/bams-state-of-the-climate-2011 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f03b40a2-9d89-4aa9-adb8-dd21d7a95b52.yaml identifier: f03b40a2-9d89-4aa9-adb8-dd21d7a95b52 uri: /reference/f03b40a2-9d89-4aa9-adb8-dd21d7a95b52 - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Author: "Kunkel, K. E.\rP.D. Bromirski\rH.E. Brooks\rT. Cavazos\rA.V. Douglas\rD.R. Easterling\rEmanuel, K.A.\rGroisman, P.Ya.\rHolland, G.J.\rKnutson, T.R.\rKossin, J.P.\rKomar, P.D.\rLevinson, D.H.\rSmith, R.L." Book Title: 'Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate. Regions of Focus: North America, Hawaii, Caribbean, and U.S. Pacific Islands. A Report by the U.S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research' Editor: "Karl, T. R.\rG.A. Meehl\rC.D. Miller\rS.J. Hassol\rA.M. Waple\rW.L. Murray" Notes: 'Kunkel, K. E., Bromirski, P. D., Brooks, H. E., Cavazos, T., Douglas, A. V., Easterling, D. R., et al. (2008). Observed changes in weather and climate extremes. In T. R. Karl, G. A. Meehl, C. D. Miller, S. J. Hassol, A. M. Waple, & W. L. Murray (eds), Weather and Climate Extremes in a Changing Climate. Regions of Focus: North American, Hawaii, Caribbean, and U. S. Pacific Islands. Washington, D. C.: U. S. Climate Change Science Program and the Subcommittee on Global Change Research' Pages: 35-80 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Reviewer: f054a8d1-8992-41ed-bc20-5f56070df30a Title: 'Ch. 2: Observed changes in weather and climate extremes' URL: http://downloads.climatescience.gov/sap/sap3-3/sap3-3-final-all.pdf Year: 2008 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 6: Agriculture FINAL"]' _record_number: 195 _uuid: f054a8d1-8992-41ed-bc20-5f56070df30a reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ccsp-sap-3_3-2008 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f054a8d1-8992-41ed-bc20-5f56070df30a.yaml identifier: f054a8d1-8992-41ed-bc20-5f56070df30a uri: /reference/f054a8d1-8992-41ed-bc20-5f56070df30a - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Cayan, D.R.\rDas, T.\rPierce, D.W.\rBarnett, T.P.\rTyree, M.\rGershunov, A." DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0912391107 ISSN: 0027-8424 Issue: 50 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Pages: 21271-21276 Title: Future dryness in the southwest US and the hydrology of the early 21st century drought URL: http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2010/12/06/0912391107.full.pdf+html Volume: 107 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 749 _uuid: f11e90fb-b100-4487-8bac-1a076166d623 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.0912391107 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f11e90fb-b100-4487-8bac-1a076166d623.yaml identifier: f11e90fb-b100-4487-8bac-1a076166d623 uri: /reference/f11e90fb-b100-4487-8bac-1a076166d623 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Knight, J.\rJ.J. Kennedy\rC. Folland\rG. Harris\rG.S. Jones\rM. Palmer\rD. Parker\rA. Scaife\rP. Stott" DOI: 10.1175/BAMS-90-8-StateoftheClimate ISSN: 0003-0007 Issue: 8 Journal: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society Pages: S22-S23 Title: 'Do global temperature trends over the last decade falsify climate predictions? [in "State of the Climate in 2008"]' URL: http://journals.ametsoc.org/doi/pdf/10.1175/BAMS-90-8-StateoftheClimate Volume: 90 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 533 _uuid: f1e15b21-2ccb-443c-a5f1-853e2a373ebb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /report/bams-state-of-the-climate-2008 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f1e15b21-2ccb-443c-a5f1-853e2a373ebb.yaml identifier: f1e15b21-2ccb-443c-a5f1-853e2a373ebb uri: /reference/f1e15b21-2ccb-443c-a5f1-853e2a373ebb - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Liang, X.\rD.P. Lettenmaier\rE.F. Wood\rS.J. Burges" DOI: 10.1029/94JD00483 Issue: D7 Journal: Journal of Geophysical Research Pages: 14415-14428 Title: A simple hydrologically based model of land surface water and energy fluxes for general circulation models URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/94JD00483/pdf Volume: 99 Year: 1994 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","RF 3","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 1542 _uuid: f312de7c-ebe1-447f-93c5-c2ddec528464 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/94JD00483 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f312de7c-ebe1-447f-93c5-c2ddec528464.yaml identifier: f312de7c-ebe1-447f-93c5-c2ddec528464 uri: /reference/f312de7c-ebe1-447f-93c5-c2ddec528464 - attrs: .publisher: Nature Publishing Group .reference_type: 0 Author: "Bednaršek, N.\rTarling, G. A.\rBakker, D. C. E.\rFielding, S.\rJones, E. M.\rVenables, H. J.\rWard, P.\rKuzirian, A.\rLézé, B.\rFeely, R. A.\rMurphy, E. J." DOI: 10.1038/ngeo1635 ISSN: 1752-0894 Issue: 12 Journal: Nature Geoscience Pages: 881-885 Title: Extensive dissolution of live pteropods in the Southern Ocean Volume: 5 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 4: FAQs FINAL","NCA Report Citations"]' _record_number: 3706 _uuid: f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1038/ngeo1635 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33.yaml identifier: f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33 uri: /reference/f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33 - attrs: .publisher: American Meteorological Society .reference_type: 0 Access Date: 2013/10/15 Author: "Kossin, James P.\rOlander, Timothy L.\rKnapp, Kenneth R." DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00262.1 Date: December 2013 ISSN: 0894-8755 Issue: 24 Journal: Journal of Climate Pages: 9960-9976 Title: Trend analysis with a new global record of tropical cyclone intensity Volume: 26 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 4359 _uuid: f748a8e5-7925-4fb4-a64c-57dd77279670 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1175/JCLI-D-13-00262.1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f748a8e5-7925-4fb4-a64c-57dd77279670.yaml identifier: f748a8e5-7925-4fb4-a64c-57dd77279670 uri: /reference/f748a8e5-7925-4fb4-a64c-57dd77279670 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Santer, B. D.\rJ. F. Painter\rC. A. Mears\rC. Doutriaux\rP. Caldwell\rJ. M. Arblaster\rP. J. Cameron-Smith\rN. P. Gillett\rP. J. Gleckler\rJ. Lanzante\rJ. Perlwitz\rS. Solomon\rP. A. Stott\rK. E. Taylor\rL. Terray\rP. W. Thorne\rM. F. Wehner\rF. J. Wentz\rT. M. L. Wigley\rL. J. Wilcox\rC.-Z. Zou" DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1210514109 Date: 'January 2, 2013' Issue: 1 Journal: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Pages: 26-33 Title: Identifying human influences on atmospheric temperature URL: http://www.pnas.org/content/110/1/26.full.pdf+html Volume: 110 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 3621 _uuid: f813f663-0919-4050-a458-47fdfcbe2f5f reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1073/pnas.1210514109 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f813f663-0919-4050-a458-47fdfcbe2f5f.yaml identifier: f813f663-0919-4050-a458-47fdfcbe2f5f uri: /reference/f813f663-0919-4050-a458-47fdfcbe2f5f - attrs: .reference_type: 7 Accession Number: 45 Author: 'IPCC,' Book Title: 'Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change' Editor: "Solomon, S.\rQin, D.\rManning, M.\rChen, Z.\rMarquis, M.\rAveryt, K.B.\rTignor, M.\rMiller, H.L." ISBN: 9780521880091 Pages: 1-18 Place Published: 'Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA' Publisher: Cambridge University Press Reviewer: f83b5613-7609-4799-ab8c-c2a41bdc924c Title: Summary for Policymakers URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/assessment-report/ar4/wg1/ar4-wg1-spm.pdf Year: 2007 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 23: Hawaii FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 1624 _uuid: f83b5613-7609-4799-ab8c-c2a41bdc924c reftype: Book Section child_publication: /report/ipcc-ar4-wg1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f83b5613-7609-4799-ab8c-c2a41bdc924c.yaml identifier: f83b5613-7609-4799-ab8c-c2a41bdc924c uri: /reference/f83b5613-7609-4799-ab8c-c2a41bdc924c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: "We propose a new approach to decompose observed climate variations over the Atlantic Hurricane Basin's main development region (MDR) into components attributable to radiative forcing changes and to internal oceanic variability. Our attribution suggests that the observed multidecadal anomalies of vertical shear (Uz) and a simple index of maximum potential intensity (SIMPI) for tropical cyclones are both dominated by internal variability, consistent with multidecadal variations of Atlantic Hurricane activity; changes in radiative forcing led to increasing Uz and decreasing SIMPI since the late 50's, unfavorable for Atlantic Hurricane activity. Physically, at least for the GFDL model, sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies induced by ocean heat transport variations are more efficient in producing negative Uz anomalies than that induced by altered radiative forcing. " Author: "Zhang, R.\rDelworth, T.L." DOI: 10.1029/2009GL037260 ISSN: 0094-8276 Issue: L06701 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: 5 Title: A new method for attributing climate variations over the Atlantic Hurricane Basin's main development region Volume: 36 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","RF 2"]' _record_number: 3534 _uuid: f9baabf2-f9b6-4a27-ad30-d3dee87cc60c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2009GL037260 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f9baabf2-f9b6-4a27-ad30-d3dee87cc60c.yaml identifier: f9baabf2-f9b6-4a27-ad30-d3dee87cc60c uri: /reference/f9baabf2-f9b6-4a27-ad30-d3dee87cc60c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'A climate model (CCSM4) is used to investigate the influence of anthropogenic forcing on late 20th century and early 21st century Arctic sea ice extent trends. On all timescales examined (2–50+ years), the most extreme negative observed late 20th century trends cannot be explained by modeled natural variability alone. Modeled late 20th century ice extent loss also cannot be explained by natural causes alone, but the six available CCSM4 ensemble members exhibit a large spread in their late 20th century ice extent loss. Comparing trends from the CCSM4 ensemble to observed trends suggests that internal variability explains approximately half of the observed 1979–2005 September Arctic sea ice extent loss. In a warming world, CCSM4 shows that multi-decadal negative trends increase in frequency and magnitude, and that trend variability on 2–10 year timescales increases. Furthermore, when internal variability counteracts anthropogenic forcing, positive trends on 2–20 year timescales occur until the middle of the 21st century. ' Author: "Kay, J.E.\rM.M. Holland\rA. Jahn" DOI: 10.1029/2011GL048008 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 15 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Pages: L15708 Title: Inter-annual to multi-decadal Arctic sea ice extent trends in a warming world URL: http://www.agu.org/pubs/crossref/2011/2011GL048008.shtml Volume: 38 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 988 _uuid: fbae726d-5c20-4abf-9567-2d2539990f21 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2011GL048008 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fbae726d-5c20-4abf-9567-2d2539990f21.yaml identifier: fbae726d-5c20-4abf-9567-2d2539990f21 uri: /reference/fbae726d-5c20-4abf-9567-2d2539990f21 - attrs: .publisher: Copernicus Publications .reference_type: 0 Author: "Steinacher, M.\rJoos, F.\rFrölicher, T. L.\rPlattner, G.-K.\rDoney, S. C." DOI: 10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 ISSN: 1726-4189 Issue: 4 Journal: Biogeosciences Notes: BG Pages: 515-533 Title: Imminent ocean acidification in the Arctic projected with the NCAR global coupled carbon cycle-climate model URL: http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/515/2009/ Volume: 6 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 22: Alaska FINAL"]' _record_number: 3751 _uuid: fbf45a9a-72f3-4e47-9de4-ed30f0d62493 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.5194/bg-6-515-2009 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fbf45a9a-72f3-4e47-9de4-ed30f0d62493.yaml identifier: fbf45a9a-72f3-4e47-9de4-ed30f0d62493 uri: /reference/fbf45a9a-72f3-4e47-9de4-ed30f0d62493 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Vose, Russell S.\rEasterling, David R.\rGleason, Byron" DOI: 10.1029/2005GL024379 ISSN: 1944-8007 Issue: 23 Journal: Geophysical Research Letters Keywords: "1610 Atmosphere\r1616 Climate variability\r1637 Regional climate change" Pages: L23822 Title: 'Maximum and minimum temperature trends for the globe: An update through 2004' Volume: 32 Year: 2005 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 4351 _uuid: fc8b8ddf-1fe2-4c2b-9434-3f642bbe2e72 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2005GL024379 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fc8b8ddf-1fe2-4c2b-9434-3f642bbe2e72.yaml identifier: fc8b8ddf-1fe2-4c2b-9434-3f642bbe2e72 uri: /reference/fc8b8ddf-1fe2-4c2b-9434-3f642bbe2e72 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Villarini, Gabriele\rSerinaldi, Francesco\rSmith, James A.\rKrajewski, Witold F." DOI: 10.1029/2008wr007645 ISSN: 1944-7973 Issue: 8 Journal: Water Resources Research Keywords: "stationarity\rfloods\rtrend\rchange point\rlong-term persistence\rGAMLSS\r1821 Floods\r1817 Extreme events\r1803 Anthropogenic effects\r1872 Time series analysis" Pages: W08417 Title: On the stationarity of annual flood peaks in the continental United States during the 20th century URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2008WR007645/pdf Volume: 45 Year: 2009 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","RF 2","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 3703 _uuid: fcd12450-81ff-4322-8a50-09c0662512eb reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2008wr007645 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fcd12450-81ff-4322-8a50-09c0662512eb.yaml identifier: fcd12450-81ff-4322-8a50-09c0662512eb uri: /reference/fcd12450-81ff-4322-8a50-09c0662512eb - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Author: "Menne, M.J.\rWilliams, C.N., Jr.\rM.A. Palecki" DOI: 10.1029/2009JD013094 Issue: D11108 Journal: Journal of Geophysical Research Pages: 9 Title: On the reliability of the U.S. surface temperature record URL: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2009JD013094/pdf Volume: 115 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL"]' _record_number: 2000 _uuid: fe074063-3e08-4a10-b184-a3f946b9715c reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1029/2009JD013094 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fe074063-3e08-4a10-b184-a3f946b9715c.yaml identifier: fe074063-3e08-4a10-b184-a3f946b9715c uri: /reference/fe074063-3e08-4a10-b184-a3f946b9715c - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Seasonal extreme daily precipitation is analyzed in the ensemble of NARCAPP regional climate models. Significant variation in these models’ abilities to reproduce observed precipitation extremes over the contiguous United States is found. Model performance metrics are introduced to characterize overall biases, seasonality, spatial extent and the shape of the precipitation distribution. Comparison of the models to gridded observations that include an elevation correction is found to be better than to gridded observations without this correction. A complicated model weighting scheme based on model performance in simulating observations is found to cause significant improvements in ensemble mean skill only if some of the models are poorly performing outliers. The effect of lateral boundary conditions are explored by comparing the integrations driven by reanalysis to those driven by global climate models. Projected mid-century future changes in seasonal precipitation means and extremes are presented and discussions of the sources of uncertainty and the mechanisms causing these changes are presented.' Author: 'Wehner, M.F.' DOI: 10.1007/s00382-012-1393-1 ISSN: 0930-7575 Issue: 1-2 Journal: Climate Dynamics Keywords: Extreme precipitation; Climate models; Return value; Uncertainty; High resolution Pages: 59-80 Title: 'Very extreme seasonal precipitation in the NARCCAP ensemble: Model performance and projections' Volume: 40 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL","Ch. 21: Northwest FINAL"]' _record_number: 3376 _uuid: fe7cfee1-62d4-4a3f-8d9b-f3ec33912f87 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1007/s00382-012-1393-1 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/fe7cfee1-62d4-4a3f-8d9b-f3ec33912f87.yaml identifier: fe7cfee1-62d4-4a3f-8d9b-f3ec33912f87 uri: /reference/fe7cfee1-62d4-4a3f-8d9b-f3ec33912f87