--- - attributes: ~ caption: 'The correlation between rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere (red) with rising carbon dioxide levels (blue) and falling pH in the ocean (green). As carbon dioxide accumulates in the ocean, the water becomes more acidic (the pH declines). (Figure source: modified from Feely et al. 20091ee9bb2b-9b22-48f0-b540-f942ccfd9c71).' chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-as-oceans-absorb-co-they-become-more-acidic.yaml identifier: overview-as-oceans-absorb-co-they-become-more-acidic lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'modified from Feely et al. 20091ee9bb2b-9b22-48f0-b540-f942ccfd9c71' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: As Oceans Absorb CO2 They Become More Acidic uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-as-oceans-absorb-co-they-become-more-acidic url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Percent changes in the amount of precipitation falling in very heavy events (the heaviest 1%) from 1958 to 2012 for each region. There is a clear national trend toward a greater amount of precipitation being concentrated in very heavy events, particularly in the Northeast and Midwest. (Figure source: Figure source: updated from Karl et al. 2009e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a ).' chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-observed-change-in-very-heavy-precipitation-2.yaml identifier: overview-observed-change-in-very-heavy-precipitation-2 lat_max: 71.441 lat_min: 18.912 lon_max: -73.125 lon_min: -179.151 ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'updated from Karl et al. 2009e251f590-177e-4ba6-8ed1-6f68b5e54c8a' submission_dt: ~ time_end: 2012-12-31T23:59:00 time_start: 1958-01-01T00:00:00 title: Observed Change in Very Heavy Precipitation uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-observed-change-in-very-heavy-precipitation-2 url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Different amounts of heat-trapping gases released into the atmosphere by human activities produce different projected increases in Earth’s temperature. The lines on the graph represent a central estimate of global average temperature rise (relative to the 1901- 1960 average) for the two main scenarios used in this report. A2 assumes continued increases in emissions throughout this century, and B1 assumes significant emissions reductions, though not due explicitly to climate change policies. Shading indicates the range (5th to 95th percentile) of results from a suite of climate models. In both cases, temperatures are expected to rise, although the difference between lower and higher emissions pathways is substantial. (Figure source: NOAA NCDC / CICS-NC).' chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-projected-global-temperature-change.yaml identifier: overview-projected-global-temperature-change lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: ~ submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Projected Global Temperature Change uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-projected-global-temperature-change url: ~ usage_limits: ~ - attributes: ~ caption: "The green band shows how global average temperature would have changed over the last century due to natural forces alone, as simulated by climate\r\nmodels. The blue band shows model simulations of the effects of human and natural forces (including solar and volcanic activity) combined. The black line\r\nshows the actual observed global average temperatures. Only with the inclusion of human influences can models reproduce the observed temperature changes. (Figure source: adapted from adapted from Huber and Knutti 201289032706-9386-44b8-94a9-60ec5ed95594)." chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-separating-human-and-natural-influences-on-climate.yaml identifier: overview-separating-human-and-natural-influences-on-climate lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'adapted from Huber and Knutti 201289032706-9386-44b8-94a9-60ec5ed95594' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Separating Human and Natural Influences on Climate uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-separating-human-and-natural-influences-on-climate url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'Pteropods, or “sea butterflies,” are eaten by a variety of marine species ranging from tiny krill to salmon to whales. The photos show what happens to a pteropod’s shell in seawater that is too acidic. On the left is a shell from a live pteropod from a region in the Southern Ocean where acidity is not too high. The shell on the right is from a pteropod in a region where the water is more acidic. (Figure source: (left) Bednaršek et al. 2012f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33 (right) Nina Bednaršek).' chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-shells-dissolve-in-acidified-ocean-water.yaml identifier: overview-shells-dissolve-in-acidified-ocean-water lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: (left) Bednaršek et al. 2012;f5ea3c8e-a727-47a1-981c-4db49a0b6d33 (right) Nina Bednaršek submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Shells Dissolve in Acidifed Ocean Water uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-shells-dissolve-in-acidified-ocean-water url: ~ usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source. - attributes: ~ caption: 'These are just some of the indicators measured globally over many decades that show that the Earth’s climate is warming. White arrows indicate increasing trends, and black arrows indicate decreasing trends. All the indicators expected to increase in a warming world are, in fact, increasing, and all those expected to decrease in a warming world are decreasing. (Figure source: NOAA NCDC based on data updated from Kennedy et al. 201025578196-95d0-4ac7-b889-0e863985423d).' chapter_identifier: executive-summary create_dt: ~ href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-ten-indicators-of-a-warming-world.yaml identifier: overview-ten-indicators-of-a-warming-world lat_max: ~ lat_min: ~ lon_max: ~ lon_min: ~ ordinal: ~ report_identifier: nca3 source_citation: 'NOAA NCDC based on data updated from Kennedy et al. 201025578196-95d0-4ac7-b889-0e863985423d' submission_dt: ~ time_end: ~ time_start: ~ title: Ten Indicators of a Warming World uri: /report/nca3/chapter/executive-summary/figure/overview-ten-indicators-of-a-warming-world url: ~ usage_limits: Free to use with credit to the original figure source.