--- - attrs: .reference_type: 32 Author: "Kunkel, K.E.\rStevens, L.E.\rStevens, S.E.\rSun, L.\rJanssen, E.\rWuebbles, D.\rDobson, J.G." Pages: 85 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Publisher: 'National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service' Title: 'Regional Climate Trends and Scenarios for the U.S. National Climate Assessment: Part 9. Climate of the Contiguous United States. NOAA Technical Report NESDIS 142-9' URL: http://www.nesdis.noaa.gov/technical_reports/NOAA_NESDIS_Tech_Report_142-9-Climate_of_the_Contiguous_United_States.pdf Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Appendix 5: Scenarios FINAL","Ch. 14: Rural Communities FINAL","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Ch. 6: Agriculture FINAL","Ch. 5: Transportation FINAL","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Appendix 4: FAQs FINAL","Ch. 0: Intro Regions FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]' _record_number: 1416 _uuid: 0ebef171-4903-4aa6-b436-2936da69f84e reftype: Government Document child_publication: /report/noaa-techreport-nesdis-142-9 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/0ebef171-4903-4aa6-b436-2936da69f84e.yaml identifier: 0ebef171-4903-4aa6-b436-2936da69f84e uri: /reference/0ebef171-4903-4aa6-b436-2936da69f84e - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: 'EIA,' Institution: U.S. Energy Information Administration Pages: 239 Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Title: Annual Energy Outlook 2012 with Projections to 2035. DOE/EIA-0383(2012) URL: http://www.eia.gov/forecasts/aeo/pdf/0383(2012).pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 27: Mitigation FINAL","Ch. 10: Energy Water Land FINAL"]' _record_number: 91 _uuid: 2af3709d-81eb-48b7-9183-afc6c27015ea reftype: Report child_publication: /report/aeo2012 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/2af3709d-81eb-48b7-9183-afc6c27015ea.yaml identifier: 2af3709d-81eb-48b7-9183-afc6c27015ea uri: /reference/2af3709d-81eb-48b7-9183-afc6c27015ea - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The effect of climate change on the frequency and intensity of droughts across the contiguous United States over the next century is assessed by applying Standardized Precipitation Indices and the Palmer Drought Severity Index to the full suite of 22 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change General Circulation Models for three IPCC-SRES emissions scenarios (B1, A1B, and A2 from the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) listed in order of their emissions through 2100 from high to low). The frequency of meteorological drought based on precipitation alone is projected to increase in some parts of the US, for example the southwestern states, and decrease in others. Hydrological drought frequencies based on precipitation and temperature are projected to increase across most of the country, however, with very substantial and almost universally experienced increases in drought risk by 2050. For both measures, the southwestern US and the Rocky Mountain states are projected to experience the largest increases in drought frequency, but these areas may be able to exploit existing excess storage capacity. Drought frequencies and uncertainties in their projection tend to increase considerably over time and show a strong worsening trend along higher greenhouse gas emissions scenarios, suggesting substantial benefits for greenhouse gas emissions reductions.' Author: "Strzepek, Kenneth\rGary Yohe\rJames Neumann\rBrent Boehlert" DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/5/4/044012 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 4 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 044012 Title: Characterizing changes in drought risk for the United States from climate change URL: http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/5/4/044012/pdf/1748-9326_5_4_044012.pdf Volume: 5 Year: 2010 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 19: Great Plains FINAL","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 4136 _uuid: 2c825d36-342b-4b91-a851-bcefdb5d42da reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/5/4/044012 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/2c825d36-342b-4b91-a851-bcefdb5d42da.yaml identifier: 2c825d36-342b-4b91-a851-bcefdb5d42da uri: /reference/2c825d36-342b-4b91-a851-bcefdb5d42da - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Abstract: 'This study presents an updated scoping assessment of current and future water withdrawal requirements, compared with water availability, resolved at the level of counties across the contiguous United States. This report will be useful to power sector environment, generation, and delivery managers; power sector planners; government energy and water resource managers and regulators; and the municipal and agricultural sectors.' Author: 'EPRI,' Institution: Electric Power Research Institute Keywords: Electric power; Forecasts; Water availability; Water demand; Water sustainability; Water withdrawals Pages: 94 Place Published: 'Palo Alto, CA' Title: 'Water Use for Electricity Generation and Other Sectors: Recent Changes (1985-2005) and Future Projections (2005-2030). 2011 Technical Report' URL: http://my.epri.com/portal/server.pt?Abstract_id=000000000001023676 Year: 2011 _chapter: '["Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL","Ch. 10: Energy Water Land FINAL"]' _record_number: 1789 _uuid: 2e002d5f-fcf1-4d2e-a8b9-7f672a26e5a1 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/epri-1023676 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/2e002d5f-fcf1-4d2e-a8b9-7f672a26e5a1.yaml identifier: 2e002d5f-fcf1-4d2e-a8b9-7f672a26e5a1 uri: /reference/2e002d5f-fcf1-4d2e-a8b9-7f672a26e5a1 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Wilbanks, T.\rD. Bilello\rD. Schmalzer\rM. Scott" Institution: 'Oak Ridge National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science' Pages: 79 Place Published: 'Oak Ridge, TN' Title: Climate Change and Energy Supply and Use. Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment URL: http://www.esd.ornl.gov/eess/EnergySupplyUse.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 6","RF 12"]' _record_number: 3420 _uuid: 3c34748e-be5d-4831-896e-70cbae0f0d22 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/ornl-climchenergy-2012 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/3c34748e-be5d-4831-896e-70cbae0f0d22.yaml identifier: 3c34748e-be5d-4831-896e-70cbae0f0d22 uri: /reference/3c34748e-be5d-4831-896e-70cbae0f0d22 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Skaggs, R.\rHibbard, K.\rFrumhoff, Peter\rLowry, Thomas\rMiddleton, Richard\rPate, Ron\rTidwell, Vince\rArnold, Jeffrey\rAvert, Kristen\rJanetos, Anthony\rIzaurralde, Cesar\rRice, Jennie\rRose, Steve" Institution: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Pages: 152 Place Published: 'Richland, Washington' Title: Climate and Energy-Water-Land System Interactions. Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment. PNNL-21185 URL: http://www.pnnl.gov/main/publications/external/technical_reports/PNNL-21185.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["RF 7","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 10: Energy Water Land FINAL"]' _record_number: 2862 _uuid: 552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/pnnl-21185 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150.yaml identifier: 552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 uri: /reference/552cc5f5-a7b3-4a64-8bee-98ae0cced150 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'Water use by the electricity sector represents a significant portion of the United States water budget (41% of total freshwater withdrawals; 3% consumed). Sustainable management of water resources necessitates an accurate accounting of all water demands, including water use for generation of electricity. Since 1985, the Department of Energy (DOE) Energy Information Administration (EIA) has collected self-reported data on water consumption and withdrawals from individual power generators. These data represent the only annual collection of water consumption and withdrawals by the electricity sector. Here, we compile publically available information into a comprehensive database and then calculate water withdrawals and consumptive use for power plants in the US. In effect, we evaluate the quality of water use data reported by EIA for the year 2008. Significant differences between reported and calculated water data are evident, yet no consistent reason for the discrepancies emerges.' Author: "Averyt, K.\rJ. Macknick\rJ. Rogers\rN. Madden\rJ. Fisher\rJ. Meldrum\rR. Newmark" DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015001 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 1 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 015001 Title: 'Water use for electricity in the United States: An analysis of reported and calculated water use information for 2008' URL: http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/8/1/015001/pdf/1748-9326_8_1_015001.pdf Volume: 8 Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 19: Great Plains FINAL","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL"]' _record_number: 4007 _uuid: 843cf523-c36c-4e7d-8824-22f65394aad9 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/8/1/015001 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/843cf523-c36c-4e7d-8824-22f65394aad9.yaml identifier: 843cf523-c36c-4e7d-8824-22f65394aad9 uri: /reference/843cf523-c36c-4e7d-8824-22f65394aad9 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Access Date: 5/20/2012 Author: 'EIA,' Date: July 2013 Institution: 'U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Energy Information Administration' Place Published: 'Washington, D.C.' Title: Monthly Energy Review URL: http://www.eia.gov/totalenergy/data/monthly/archive/00351307.pdf Year: 2013 _chapter: '["Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL"]' _record_number: 4192 _uuid: 9f0adb9b-5a9c-4fc2-8df7-ebed4322e185 reftype: Report child_publication: /report/eia-mer072013 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/9f0adb9b-5a9c-4fc2-8df7-ebed4322e185.yaml identifier: 9f0adb9b-5a9c-4fc2-8df7-ebed4322e185 uri: /reference/9f0adb9b-5a9c-4fc2-8df7-ebed4322e185 - attrs: .reference_type: 0 Abstract: 'The power sector withdraws more freshwater annually than any other sector in the US. The current portfolio of electricity generating technologies in the US has highly regionalized and technology-specific requirements for water. Water availability differs widely throughout the nation. As a result, assessments of water impacts from the power sector must have a high geographic resolution and consider regional, basin-level differences. The US electricity portfolio is expected to evolve in coming years, shaped by various policy and economic drivers on the international, national and regional level; that evolution will impact power sector water demands. Analysis of future electricity scenarios that incorporate technology options and constraints can provide useful insights about water impacts related to changes to the technology mix. Utilizing outputs from the regional energy deployment system (ReEDS) model, a national electricity sector capacity expansion model with high geographical resolution, we explore potential changes in water use by the US electric sector over the next four decades under various low carbon energy scenarios, nationally and regionally.' Author: "Macknick, J.\rS. Sattler\rK. Averyt\rS. Clemmer\rJ. Rogers" DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045803 ISSN: 1748-9326 Issue: 4 Journal: Environmental Research Letters Pages: 045803 Title: 'The water implications of generating electricity: Water use across the United States based on different electricity pathways through 2050' URL: http://iopscience.iop.org/1748-9326/7/4/045803/pdf/1748-9326_7_4_045803.pdf Volume: 7 Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 19: Great Plains FINAL","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL"]' _record_number: 4655 _uuid: d0828222-3fd7-4527-8d2a-895581c96ca3 reftype: Journal Article child_publication: /article/10.1088/1748-9326/7/4/045803 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/d0828222-3fd7-4527-8d2a-895581c96ca3.yaml identifier: d0828222-3fd7-4527-8d2a-895581c96ca3 uri: /reference/d0828222-3fd7-4527-8d2a-895581c96ca3 - attrs: .reference_type: 10 Author: "Wilbanks, T.\rFernandez, S.\rBackus, G.\rGarcia, P.\rJonietz, K.\rKirshen, P.\rSavonis, M.\rSolecki, B.\rToole, L. " Date: 29 February 2012. Institution: 'Oak Ridge National Laboratory. U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science' Pages: 119 Place Published: 'Oak Ridge, TN' Title: 'Climate Change and Infrastructure, Urban Systems, and Vulnerabilities. Technical Report to the U.S. Department of Energy in Support of the National Climate Assessment' URL: http://www.esd.ornl.gov/eess/Infrastructure.pdf Year: 2012 _chapter: '["Ch. 20: Southwest FINAL","Ch. 25: Coastal Zone FINAL","Ch. 16: Northeast FINAL","RG 10 Coasts","Ch. 5: Transportation FINAL","Ch. 11: Urban Systems FINAL","Ch. 4: Energy Supply and Use FINAL","Ch. 28: Adaptation FINAL","RF 12","Ch. 3: Water Resources FINAL"]' _record_number: 3418 _uuid: f0803451-5a89-474a-974f-99c13fdc725d reftype: Report child_publication: /report/ornl-climchinfrastructure-2012 href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/reference/f0803451-5a89-474a-974f-99c13fdc725d.yaml identifier: f0803451-5a89-474a-974f-99c13fdc725d uri: /reference/f0803451-5a89-474a-974f-99c13fdc725d