--- chapters: [] contact_email: ~ contact_note: ~ contributors: - display_name: 'Point of Contact : Michael McGeehin (Research Triangle Institute International) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/4544.yaml id: 4544 organization: country_code: US display_name: Research Triangle Institute International identifier: research-triangle-institute-international name: Research Triangle Institute International organization_type_identifier: non-profit type: organization url: ~ organization_uri: /organization/research-triangle-institute-international person: display_name: Michael McGeehin first_name: Michael id: 929 last_name: McGeehin middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://sph.emory.edu/faculty/profile/#!MMCGEEH person_id: 929 person_uri: /person/929 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/4544 - display_name: 'Data Producer : U.S. Census Bureau ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/4526.yaml id: 4526 organization: country_code: US display_name: U.S. Census Bureau identifier: us-census-bureau name: U.S. Census Bureau organization_type_identifier: federal type: organization url: https://www.census.gov organization_uri: /organization/us-census-bureau person: {} person_id: ~ person_uri: ~ role_type_identifier: data_producer uri: /contributor/4526 - display_name: 'Data Producer : Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/4543.yaml id: 4543 organization: country_code: US display_name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention identifier: centers-disease-control-and-prevention name: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention organization_type_identifier: federal type: organization url: http://www.cdc.gov organization_uri: /organization/centers-disease-control-and-prevention person: {} person_id: ~ person_uri: ~ role_type_identifier: data_producer uri: /contributor/4543 display_name: 'Indicator: Vibrio Infections' doi: ~ files: - display_name: vibrio_infections_7_29_14.jpg file: 9b/e0/bb21fe3e0a3e0e16afaab3c9a784/vibrio_infections_7_29_14.jpg href: http://data.globalchange.gov/assets/9b/e0/bb21fe3e0a3e0e16afaab3c9a784/vibrio_infections_7_29_14.jpg identifier: b509c871-4090-4177-83e1-11e5e8432bc8 landing_page: ~ location: ~ mime_type: image/jpeg sha1: 916a502804b903ef9947b9df69a2ebf820023a86 size: 715710 thumbnail: 9b/e0/bb21fe3e0a3e0e16afaab3c9a784/.thumb-b509c871-4090-4177-83e1-11e5e8432bc8.png thumbnail_href: http://data.globalchange.gov/assets/9b/e0/bb21fe3e0a3e0e16afaab3c9a784/.thumb-b509c871-4090-4177-83e1-11e5e8432bc8.png type: file uri: /file/b509c871-4090-4177-83e1-11e5e8432bc8 url: http://data.globalchange.gov/assets/9b/e0/bb21fe3e0a3e0e16afaab3c9a784/vibrio_infections_7_29_14.jpg href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/indicator-vibrio-infections.yaml identifier: indicator-vibrio-infections parents: [] publication_year: 2015 report_figures: - display_name: indicator-vibrio-infections href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/indicator-vibrio-infections/figure/indicator-vibrio-infections.yaml uri: /report/indicator-vibrio-infections/figure/indicator-vibrio-infections report_findings: [] report_tables: - display_name: indicator-vibrio-infections-data-pilot href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/report/indicator-vibrio-infections/table/indicator-vibrio-infections-data-pilot.yaml uri: /report/indicator-vibrio-infections/table/indicator-vibrio-infections-data-pilot report_type_identifier: indicator summary: "Key Points:\r\n\r\n1. Some strains of Vibrio bacteria can cause serious illness. More numerous Vibrio infections have been linked to higher ocean temperatures, which are rising as a result of global warming. \r\n\r\n2. In the United States, reported cases of foodborne Vibrio infections (a subset of total Vibrio infections) increased by 116% between 1998 and 2012.\r\n\r\n3. This indicator can help healthcare professionals, swimmers, and shellfish consumers understand how rising ocean temperatures may lead to increased risk of Vibrio infection in coastal regions.\r\n\r\nFull Summary:\r\n\r\nThe type of bacteria known as Vibrio, which normally inhabits coastal waters and which can be hazardous to human health, has become more common with rising ocean temperatures along coastlines. Other factors, such as changes in salinity, also can affect the prevalence of Vibrio. Harmful strains of Vibrio may cause severe wound infections, diarrhea, blood poisoning, and, in rare instances in the United States, cholera. Vibrio is transmitted to humans primarily through consumption of contaminated shellfish and exposure of wounds to ocean water. Eye and ear infections after swimming may also occur, especially among children.\r\n\r\nAs ocean temperatures have risen, reported cases of Vibrio-related illness have expanded beyond the Gulf Coast region to the Pacific Coast and New England in recent years. For example, confirmed and reported cases of foodborne Vibrio infections (a subset of total Vibrio infections) increased by 116% nationwide between 1998 and 2012. \r\n\r\nThe data shown here originate from local clinics documenting confirmed cases of Vibrio infections (including foodborne and other methods of infection, but not including cases of cholera). The data are then reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cholera and Other Vibrio Illness Surveillance (COVIS) system. Vibrio infection data have been collected in Gulf Coast regions since 1988 and nationwide since 2007. Less severe infections causing mild illness are not always reported, but efforts are underway to improve reporting procedures.\r\n\r\nFurther increase and expansion of Vibrio populations could have detrimental effects on the health of inhabitants of coastal regions. This indicator can help healthcare professionals, swimmers, and shellfish consumers understand how rising ocean temperatures may lead to increased risk of Vibrio-related illness, potentially resulting in increased testing for and reporting of infections. \r\n" title: 'Indicator: Vibrio Infections' uri: /report/indicator-vibrio-infections url: http://www.globalchange.gov/browse/indicators/indicator-vibrio-infections