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reference : Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia

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Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia
Bibliographic fields
reftype Journal Article
Abstract Following the suggestions of a recent National Research Council report [NRC (National Research Council) (2006) Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years (Natl Acad Press, Washington, DC).], we reconstruct surface temperature at hemispheric and global scale for much of the last 2,000 years using a greatly expanded set of proxy data for decadal-to-centennial climate changes, recently updated instrumental data, and complementary methods that have been thoroughly tested and validated with model simulation experiments. Our results extend previous conclusions that recent Northern Hemisphere surface temperature increases are likely anomalous in a long-term context. Recent warmth appears anomalous for at least the past 1,300 years whether or not tree-ring data are used. If tree-ring data are used, the conclusion can be extended to at least the past 1,700 years, but with additional strong caveats. The reconstructed amplitude of change over past centuries is greater than hitherto reported, with somewhat greater Medieval warmth in the Northern Hemisphere, albeit still not reaching recent levels.
Accession Number 48
Author Mann, M.E. Zhang, Z. Hughes, M.K. Bradley, R.S. Miller, S.K. Rutherford, S. Ni, F.
Author Address Mann, ME (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA; Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA; Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA; Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA; Roger Williams Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Bristol, RI 02809 USA
DOI 10.1073/pnas.0805721105
Date SEP 9 2008
ISSN 0027-8424
Issue 36
Journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Keywords climate change; global warming; TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES; MEDIEVAL WARM PERIOD; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE; FIELD RECONSTRUCTION; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; CENTURIES; ATLANTIC; SENSITIVITY; RESOLUTION
Language English
Pages 13252-13257
Title Proxy-based reconstructions of hemispheric and global surface temperature variations over the past two millennia
URL http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/25464030.pdf
Volume 105
Year 2008
Bibliographic identifiers
.reference_type 0
_chapter ["Ch. 24: Oceans FINAL","Ch. 2: Our Changing Climate FINAL","Appendix 4: FAQs FINAL","Appendix 3: Climate Science FINAL"]
_record_number 1869
_uuid ade3fd09-603e-4fae-b252-1a4142392ea0