Human Activities that Form Reactive Nitrogen and Resulting Consequences in Environmental Reservoirs

Figure 15.2

This figure appears in chapter 15 of the Climate Change Impacts in the United States: The Third National Climate Assessment report.

http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/report/sectors/biogeochemical-cycles/graphics/human-activities-form-reactive-nitrogen-and-resulting

Once created, a molecule of reactive nitrogen has a cascading impact on people and ecosystems as it contributes to a number of environmental issues. Molecular terms represent oxidized forms of nitrogen primarily from fossil fuel combustion (such as nitrogen oxides, NO_x), reduced forms of nitrogen primarily from agriculture (such as ammonia, NH₃), and organic forms of nitrogen (N_org) from various processes. NO_y is all nitrogen-containing atmospheric gases that have both nitrogen and oxygen, other than nitrous oxide (N₂O). NH_x is the sum of ammonia (NH₃) and ammonium (NH₄). (Figure source: adapted from EPA 2011;346e77a5-93b9-4c37-bd95-d7db44091a4c Galloway et al. 2003;c713eeb5-4e17-41e2-b65d-da453bbf9f97 with input from USDA. USDA contributors were Adam Chambers and Margaret Walsh).

When citing this figure, please reference adapted from EPA 2011;346e77a5-93b9-4c37-bd95-d7db44091a4c Galloway et al. 2003;c713eeb5-4e17-41e2-b65d-da453bbf9f97 with input from USDA. USDA contributors were Adam Chambers and Margaret Walsh.

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References :

• Reactive Nitrogen in the United States: An Analysis of Inputs, Flows, Consequence, and Management Options. A Report of the EPA Science Advisory Board. (EPA-SAB-11-013) (346e77a5)
• The Nitrogen Cascade (c713eeb5)

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