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    caption: 'Simplified image of the methodology that goes into detection and attribution of climate changes. The natural factors considered usually include changes in the sun’s output and volcanic eruptions, as well as natural modes of variability such as El Niño and La Niña. Human factors include the emissions of heat-trapping gases and particles as well as clearing of forests and other land-use changes. (Figure source: NOAA NCDC / CICS-NC).'
    chapter_identifier: appendix-climate-science-supplement
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    identifier: detection-and-attribution-as-forensics
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    title: Detection and Attribution as Forensics
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