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    caption: 'The 36-day-old clams in the photos are a single species, Mercenaria mercenaria, grown in the laboratory under varying levels of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) in the air. CO<sub>2</sub> is absorbed from the air by ocean water, acidifying the water and thus reducing the ability of juvenile clams to grow their shells. As seen in the photos, where CO<sub>2</sub> levels rise progressively from left to right, 36-day-old clams (measured in microns) grown under elevated CO<sub>2</sub> levels are smaller than those grown under lower CO<sub>2</sub> levels. The highest CO<sub>2</sub> level, about 1500 parts per million (ppm; far right), is higher than most projections for the end of this century but could occur locally in some estuaries. (Figure source: Talmage and Gobler 2010<tbib>93174a81-1212-49a4-a2f8-ed8286e05bda</tbib>).'
    chapter_identifier: oceans-marine-resources
    create_dt: 2013-07-09T16:19:00
    identifier: ocean-acidification-reduces-size-of-clams
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    ordinal: 3
    report_identifier: nca3
    source_citation: 'Talmage and Gobler 2010<tbib>93174a81-1212-49a4-a2f8-ed8286e05bda</tbib>'
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    title: Ocean Acidification Reduces Size of Clams
    url: http://nca2014.globalchange.gov/highlights/report-findings/oceans/graphics/ocean-acidification-reduces-size-clams
    usage_limits: Copyright protected. Obtain permission from the original figure source.
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title: 'Ocean Acidification Causes Clams to Shrink - 1500 ppm'
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