---
cited_by:
  - publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/water-related-illnesses
    publication_type: chapter
    reference: /reference/58f71b66-ac1b-4971-af12-2055c696f735
  - publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016
    publication_type: report
    reference: /reference/58f71b66-ac1b-4971-af12-2055c696f735
contributors:
  - display_name: 'Author : Hans Paerl (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences) '
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    id: 19626
    organization:
      country_code: US
      display_name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences
      identifier: university-north-carolina-chapel-hill-institute-marine-sciences
      name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences
      organization_type_identifier: academic
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      url: http://ims.unc.edu/
    organization_uri: /organization/university-north-carolina-chapel-hill-institute-marine-sciences
    person:
      display_name: Hans Paerl
      first_name: Hans
      id: 9010
      last_name: Paerl
      middle_name: W.
      orcid: 0000-0003-4725-1870
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      url: http://ims.unc.edu/home/people/hans-paerl/
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    person_uri: /person/9010
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    uri: /contributor/19626
  - display_name: 'Author : Timothy G. Otten (The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences) '
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    id: 21630
    organization:
      country_code: US
      display_name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences
      identifier: university-north-carolina-chapel-hill-institute-marine-sciences
      name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Institute of Marine Sciences
      organization_type_identifier: academic
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      url: http://ims.unc.edu/
    organization_uri: /organization/university-north-carolina-chapel-hill-institute-marine-sciences
    person:
      display_name: Timothy G. Otten
      first_name: Timothy G.
      id: 11655
      last_name: Otten
      middle_name: ~
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    person_id: 11655
    person_uri: /person/11655
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  - display_name: 'Author : Timothy G. Otten (Oregon State University Department of Microbiology) '
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    id: 21631
    organization:
      country_code: US
      display_name: Oregon State University Department of Microbiology
      identifier: oregon-state-university-department-microbiology
      name: Oregon State University Department of Microbiology
      organization_type_identifier: academic
      type: organization
      url: http://microbiology.science.oregonstate.edu/
    organization_uri: /organization/oregon-state-university-department-microbiology
    person:
      display_name: Timothy G. Otten
      first_name: Timothy G.
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description: 'In recent decades, nutrient over-enrichment (eutrophication) and climate-change effects have led to a rise in toxin-producing cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (CyanoHABs) in freshwater systems worldwide (1). Microcystin, the most ubiquitous cyanotoxin, is a serious drinking water threat due to its potent liver toxicity and carcinogenic potential (2). The distribution of microcystin synthetase (mcy) genes across many genera suggests that production of this metabolite was a widely shared trait early in cyanobacterial evolution (3). However, not all cyanobacterial strains have retained this pathway. There is growing evidence that oxidative stressors in high-irradiance surface waters, where blooms accumulate, select for toxigenic strains over their nontoxic counterparts '
display_name: Blooms bite the hand that feeds them
doi: 10.1126/science.1245276
files: []
href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/article/10.1126/science.1245276.yaml
identifier: 10.1126/science.1245276
journal_identifier: science
journal_pages: 433-434
journal_vol: 342
notes: ~
parents:
  - display_name: "Chapter 6: Climate Impacts on Water-Related Illnesses (in 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment')"
    reference: /reference/58f71b66-ac1b-4971-af12-2055c696f735
    relationship: cito:isCitedBy
    uri: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/water-related-illnesses
  - display_name: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment'
    reference: /reference/58f71b66-ac1b-4971-af12-2055c696f735
    relationship: cito:isCitedBy
    uri: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016
references: []
title: Blooms bite the hand that feeds them
type: article
uri: /article/10.1126/science.1245276
url: ~
year: 2013