--- cited_by: - publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/water-related-illnesses publication_type: chapter reference: /reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d - publication: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016 publication_type: report reference: /reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d contributors: - display_name: 'Author : Bram Sercu (University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22317.yaml id: 22317 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' organization_type_identifier: academic type: organization url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management person: display_name: Bram Sercu first_name: Bram id: 11791 last_name: Sercu middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: ~ person_id: 11791 person_uri: /person/11791 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22317 - display_name: 'Author : Bram Sercu (University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22318.yaml id: 22318 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' organization_type_identifier: research type: organization url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute person: display_name: Bram Sercu first_name: Bram id: 11791 last_name: Sercu middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: ~ person_id: 11791 person_uri: /person/11791 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22318 - display_name: 'Author : Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst (University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22319.yaml id: 22319 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' organization_type_identifier: academic type: organization url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management person: display_name: Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst first_name: Laurie C. id: 11792 last_name: Van De Werfhorst middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/people/laurie-van-de-werfhorst person_id: 11792 person_uri: /person/11792 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22319 - display_name: 'Author : Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst (University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22320.yaml id: 22320 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' organization_type_identifier: research type: organization url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute person: display_name: Laurie C. Van De Werfhorst first_name: Laurie C. id: 11792 last_name: Van De Werfhorst middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/people/laurie-van-de-werfhorst person_id: 11792 person_uri: /person/11792 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22320 - display_name: 'Author : Jill L. S. Murray (City of Santa Barbara) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22325.yaml id: 22325 organization: country_code: US display_name: City of Santa Barbara identifier: city-santa-barbara name: City of Santa Barbara organization_type_identifier: city type: organization url: http://www.santabarbaraca.gov/ organization_uri: /organization/city-santa-barbara person: display_name: Jill L. S. Murray first_name: Jill L. S. id: 11793 last_name: Murray middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: ~ person_id: 11793 person_uri: /person/11793 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22325 - display_name: 'Author : Patricia A. Holden (University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22321.yaml id: 22321 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' organization_type_identifier: academic type: organization url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management person: display_name: Patricia A. Holden first_name: Patricia A. id: 11794 last_name: Holden middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/patricia_holden.htm person_id: 11794 person_uri: /person/11794 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22321 - display_name: 'Author : Patricia A. Holden (University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22322.yaml id: 22322 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' organization_type_identifier: research type: organization url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute person: display_name: Patricia A. Holden first_name: Patricia A. id: 11794 last_name: Holden middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/patricia_holden.htm person_id: 11794 person_uri: /person/11794 role_type_identifier: author uri: /contributor/22322 - display_name: 'Point of Contact : Patricia A. Holden (University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22323.yaml id: 22323 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Bren School of Environmental Science & Management' organization_type_identifier: academic type: organization url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-bren-school-environmental-science-management person: display_name: Patricia A. Holden first_name: Patricia A. id: 11794 last_name: Holden middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/patricia_holden.htm person_id: 11794 person_uri: /person/11794 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/22323 - display_name: 'Point of Contact : Patricia A. Holden (University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute) ' href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/contributor/22324.yaml id: 22324 organization: country_code: US display_name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' identifier: university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute name: 'University of California, Santa Barbara Earth Research Institute' organization_type_identifier: research type: organization url: http://www.eri.ucsb.edu/ organization_uri: /organization/university-california-santa-barbara-earth-research-institute person: display_name: Patricia A. Holden first_name: Patricia A. id: 11794 last_name: Holden middle_name: ~ orcid: ~ type: person url: http://www.bren.ucsb.edu/people/faculty/patricia_holden.htm person_id: 11794 person_uri: /person/11794 role_type_identifier: point_of_contact uri: /contributor/22324 description: 'Separating storm drains and sanitary sewers is expected to control sewage pollution, for example, from combined sewer overflows, and to reduce excessive stormwater flow to wastewater treatment plants. However, sewage contamination has been found in such separated storm drain systems in urban areas during dry-weather flow. To determine whether transmission of sewage is occurring from leaking sanitary sewers directly to leaking separated storm drains, field experiments were performed in three watersheds in Santa Barbara, CA. Areas with high and low risks for sewage exfiltration into storm drains were identified, and rhodamine WT (RWT) dye pulses were added to the sanitary sewers. RWT was monitored in nearby storm drain manholes using optical probes set up for unattended continuous monitoring. Above-background RWT peaks were detected in storm drains in high-risk areas, and multiple locations of sewage contamination were found. Sewage contamination during the field studies was confirmed using the human-specific Bacteroidales HF183 and Methanobrevibacter smithii nifH DNA markers. This study is the first to provide direct evidence that leaking sanitary sewers can directly contaminate nearby leaking storm drains with untreated sewage during dry weather and suggests that chronic sanitary sewer leakage contributes to downstream fecal contamination of coastal beaches. ' display_name: Sewage exfiltration as a source of storm drain contamination during dry weather in urban watersheds doi: 10.1021/es200981k files: [] href: http://52.38.26.42:8080/article/10.1021/es200981k.yaml identifier: 10.1021/es200981k journal_identifier: environmental-science-technology journal_pages: 7151-7157 journal_vol: 45 notes: ~ parents: - display_name: "Chapter 6: Climate Impacts on Water-Related Illnesses (in 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment')" reference: /reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d relationship: cito:isCitedBy uri: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016/chapter/water-related-illnesses - display_name: 'The Impacts of Climate Change on Human Health in the United States: A Scientific Assessment' reference: /reference/235f4a57-2262-47cb-a0c0-a8df7c017e1d relationship: cito:isCitedBy uri: /report/usgcrp-climate-human-health-assessment-2016 references: [] title: Sewage exfiltration as a source of storm drain contamination during dry weather in urban watersheds type: article uri: /article/10.1021/es200981k url: ~ year: 2011